454 



INDEX 



Tapetum, of Angiosperms, 360 

 (fig.), 361, 363 (fig.) ; of Ferns, 

 297, 299 (fig.). 



Tapioca, 43. 



Taraxacum, 154, 170, 372 ; flowers 

 of, Plate I (Frontispiece). 



Tartaric acid, 60. 



Taxus baccata, 128, 334 ; female 

 cones of, 346 (fig.) ; habit of, 

 335. 346 (fig.) ; leaf-structure 

 f, 34 1 , 34 2 (fig-) > m ale cones 

 of, 344, 345, 346 (fig.) ; ovules 

 of, 346 ; seeds of, 346 (fig.), 

 351 ; stem of, 339. 



Taxus baccata, var. fastigiala, 380. 



Tea (Thea sinensis), 61, 63. 



Teak (Tectona grandis), 126, 130. 



Tearing, protection against, 93, 115. 



Tectona grandis, 126, 130. 



Teleutospores, 246 (fig.), 248. 



Tension, resistance to, 72, 88, 170. 



Terpenes, 62, 63. 



Terrestrial Algae, 190, 198, 204, 205, 

 208. 



Tertiary fossil-plants, 356. 



Testa, 352 (fig.), 370, 371 (fig.). 



Tetrads, of pollen grains, 361, 362 

 (fig.) ; of spores, 307 (fig.), 318 

 (fig.), 319, 348, 365, 372. 



Tetrahedral apical cells, 18 (fig.), 

 288, 297- 



Tetrarch roots, 66 (fig.), 69, 131 



(fig.)- 



Tetraspora, 190, 191 (fig.). 

 Tetraspores of Red Algae, 205 (fig.), 



228. 



Textiles, 34, 103. 



Thalictrum, stem-structure of, 86. 

 Thallophyta, 180-268 (figs.), 307, 



406. See Algae and Fungi. 

 Thallus of, Algae, 180, 195-207 



(figs.), 225 (fig.) ; Fungi, 230, 



231 ; Lichens, 258-61 (figs.) ; 



Liverworts, 269-73 ( n g s -)- 

 Theobroma cacao, 49. 

 Theobromine, 61. 

 Thermophilic Bacteria, 261. 

 Thickening of cell-walls, 29-37 



(figs.) ; annular, 35 (fig.), 36 ; 



reticulate, 35 (fig.), 36, 74, 83 



(fig.), 120, 273 ; spiral, 35 



(fig.), 36, 37 (fig-), 74- 80 (fig-), 



83 (fig.), 120. 

 Thistle, 102. 

 Thornapple (Datura stramonium), 



61, 62 (fig.), 384. 

 Thread-Bacteria, 268. 

 Thuidium, 276. 



Thuja, 347, 350 ; habit of, 336, 337 



(fig-)- 



Tilia, secondary phloem of, 130 ; 

 secondary wood of, 28, 120, 

 127. 



Tiliaceae, 103. 



Timber, 127-30 ; commercial 

 sources of, 129, 130, 162, 334, 

 337 ; " Dry Rot " of (Merulius 

 lacrymans), 252. 



Tissues, i, 27, 65 ; epidermal, 91- 

 106 (figs.) ; false, 239 ; glan- 

 dular, 148, 149 ; ground, 65, 

 88, 107-11 ; mechanical, 31-6 

 (figs.) ; meristematic, 18, 117, 

 135 ; secondary, 120-42 (figs.) ; 

 secretory, 151-5 (figs.) ; storage, 

 88, 132 ; vascular, 67-70 

 (figs.), 78-86 (figs.), IT2, 113. 



Tissue-tensions, 12, 87. 



Tmesipteris, 407. 



Toadstools, 230, 245, 255, 407. 



Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), 61, 

 265. 



Tolypothrix, 205, 206 (fig.). 



Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) , 



63- 

 Toothwort (Lathraa], hydathodes 



of, 145 (fig.). 

 Tortula, 274 ; T. muralis, 269, 274 



(fig.)- 

 Torus (of bordered pits), 36, 37, 



34i (fig.)- 

 Toxic effect, of Bacteria, 265 ; 



of mineral salts, 14, 15. 

 Tracheidal cells (of Conifers), 341 



(fig-)- 



Tracheids, 37 (fig.), 179 ; of Conifers, 

 37 (fig-), 127, 340, 341 (fig.), 

 344 ; of Ferns, 293 (fig.), 296, 

 298 (fig.) ; of foliage-leaves, 37 

 (fig.), 113, 146; of secondary 

 wood of Dicotyledons, 120, 

 121, 134- 



Tradescantia, cell-structure of, 4, 5 



(fig-)- 

 Tragopogon, root-structure of, 44, 



132, 154, 155 (fig.). 

 Transfusion tissue, 342 (fig.), 343, 



344 (fig-)- 

 Transition from stem to root, 89 



(fig-)- 



Transitory starch, 6 (fig.), 40, 41, 

 42 (fig.), 46. 



Transmission of acquired charac- 

 ters, 380. 



Transpiration, 35, 158, 203 ; and 

 anthocyanins, 63 ; and hyda- 



