362 ZOOLOGY 



3. What special fitness in the form of the body to the habits of the 

 fish? 



OBSERVATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS ON THE LIVING ANIMAL 



1. Role of fins in locomotion. By means of a cotton string wrapped 

 around body, bind down the pectoral fins and replace in water; 

 result? Bind ventrals similarly; result? Wrap string around tail 

 and replace in water; result? Conclusions? 



2. How dp the movements of the caudal fin cause the fish to 

 progress? 



TOPICS FOR FURTHER STUDY 



1. Habitat and food of the species. 2. Distribution and economic 

 importance. 3. Allied species : salmon, trout, white fish. 4. Other 

 groups of fresh-water bony fishes : the darters, perch, sunfish, stickle- 

 backs, silversides, minnows, pike, shad, suckers, catfish, eels. 5. 

 Other kinds of fish : Amphioxus, lampreys, sturgeons, spoonbills, 

 garpike, Amia. 6. The ontogeny of a bony fish. 7. The migrations 

 of fish. 8. Artificial breeding and fish-hatching stations. 



XVII. NEWT (Diemyctylus viridescens) 



For this species may be substituted the small spring or brook 

 salamanders (Desmognathus and Spelerpes), Amblystoma, or even 

 Necturus. The small size of the brook salamanders makes them 

 especially useful for external study and preservation in alcohol. 



DRAWINGS (of convenient size) 



1. Entire animal. 



2. View of the left side of head, mouth open. 



3. Left fore foot, dorsal surface. 



4. Left hind foot, palmar surface. 



5. Form of front lateral teeth, x 10. 



QUESTIONS ON EXTERNAL ANATOMY 



1. Which is the thumb side of hind foot? 



2. Are the spots on the body arranged according to any law ? 



3. Are there two movable eyelids ? 



4. Where is the ear ? 



