ILLUSTRATIONS. 65 



iodontus, which name has been adopted by dr. Barton. In the memoirs of the 

 Xational Institute, Cuvier describes the former elephas mammonteus, maxilla 

 obtusiore, lamellis molarium tenuibus rectis ; and the latter he characterizes as 

 follows . elephas americanus, molaribus multi-cuspidibus, lamellis post detrition- 

 em quadrilobalis. In his opinion neither of them ar2 the same as the existing 

 elephant; and he considers them as extinct. Scitnces Phys. et Mat II. 



Mr. Tilesius sent to dr. Barton of Philadelphia some fine large drawings of 

 the mammoth, described by Adams as found near the mouth of the Lena, where- 

 by he had an excellent opportunity of comparing it with Peale's ; and he is of 

 opinion, that although very different from the ohio animal, yet that there are 

 great and striking affinities. In opposition to Cuvier he believes that the ohio 

 bones bespeak an animal not generically different from the elephant ; that, al- 

 though in the general form of the molares and the disposition of the vitreous 

 body or enamel upon and through them, the ohio mammoth differs materially 

 from the extinct as well as the existing elephants of the old world ; and there is, 

 in this respect, a much greater affinity between the asiatic mammoth, and the exist- 

 ing asiatic elephant, than between either them and the ohio, or american, mam 

 moth ; yet there are several other characters in which the resemblance is much 

 closer between the ohio animal and the asiatic mammoth, than between the 

 latter and the asiatic elephant; and that one of these characters consists in the 

 great resemblance of the incisores, tusks, or horns. Dr. Barton is further of 

 opinion that the asiatic mammoth has been discovered in different parts of the 

 United States ; and that a branch of the Susquehannah receives its name of Che- 

 mung from the incisores of one of these animals. Port Folio, vol. 4. Barton's 

 Lftttr to Jefferson. 



Governor Pownall, in a paper published in the Philosophical Magazine, (vol. 

 14.) after having viewed a skeleton of the New- York mammoth, exhibited by 

 mr. Peale in London, is of opinion that it was a marine animal, from the fol- 

 lowing circumstances : 



1. Its being carnivorous, and its enormous bulk would, therefore, require a 

 supply of animal food from the earth which it could not get, and which could 

 only be found in the abundance of the waters. 



2. He thinks there are parts in the debris of the skull which have some 

 comparative resemblance to the whale as to the purpose of breathing under wa- 

 ter ; that the width of the jaws is similar to that of fish ; and that the ribs, more 

 similar to those of fish than to those of terrestrial animal*, are, by their construc- 

 tion and position, ordained to resist a more forcible external compression than 

 the atmosphere creates. 



3. That the neck is c o short that the animal could not reach the ground with 



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