92 AOTES ANU 



colour on the hack, extremely fatigued, and another land bird, of the passerine 

 class, endeavored to rest on the. ship. Kahn's destination was Philadelphia, 

 (where he arrived on the 26th of September,) and from the 25th of August, to 

 the beginning of September, the swallows retire from that part of the country. 

 If those seen by Kalin were not driven by storms from their course, they evi- 

 dently intended to take up their winter residence beyond sea. Catesby says that 

 on his voyage from England to Carolina,(where he arrived on the 23d of May, 

 1722,) in the latitude of twenty six degrees north, about midway between the 

 two continents of Africa and America, which he says cannot be less than six 

 hundred leagues, an owl appeared hovering over the ship, and after some at- 

 tempts to rest flew off; this was on the 22d of March j on that day a hawk with 

 a white head, breast, and belly, appeared in like manner, and the day after 

 som swallows, but none ventured to alight on any part of the ship. This was 

 about the thue of year when swallows return from their winter migrations, and 

 those were, probably, returning to Carolina. Kalm met them going to Africa in 

 the fall, when they leave UP, and Catesby met them returning in the spring, when 

 they join us. 



Our spring and summer birds of passage continue with us about six months, and 

 are absent about that time. They avail themselves of high and favorable winds, 

 to depart and return. A strong south or southwest wind, about the beginning of 

 April, says Bartram, never fails of bringing millions of small birds of passage, 

 who appear very suddenly in spring ; and when the pewit or phebe, (musricapa 

 fusca,) the first bird of passage which appears in Philadelphia, in the spring, which 

 is generally about the first or middle of March, arrives, then pease, beans, 

 and almost every kind of esculent garden seeds may be planted without dan- 

 ger of frost. 



Bartram distinguishes birds as follows . 



1. Those that arrive in Pennsylvania in the spring, from the south, and return 

 10 autumn, after building nests and rearing young. 



2. Those that arrive there from the north, in autumn, where they continue du- 

 ring the winter, and return again in spring, and these birds continue their journey 

 as far south as Florida. 



3. Those that arrive in Carolina and Florida, in the spring, from the south, 

 and breed, and return in autumn without going further north. 



4. Natives of Carolina and Florida, where they breed and continue all the 

 year. 



5. The same of Pennsylvania. 



