ILLUSTRATIONS. 117 



choked up their ancient places of resort, have discoloured the waters, and ren- 

 dered them disagreeable and unhealthy ; and they hare thus'been expelled from 

 their former domains, and have been obliged to look out for other haunts in wild 

 and uncultivated countries. 



Having so often referred to Hudson's celebrated voyage up the North, or Hud 

 son, river, it may not be uninteresting to mention the several animal, vegetable, 

 and mineral productions which, he says, that he saw on this voyage. 



Salmon ; mulletts ; rays ; breams ; basses ; barbels ; indian corn ; dried 

 currants; venison; pompions; beans; hemp; chesnuts; grapes; tobacco; 

 yellow copper ; beavers' skins ; otters' skins ; oak-trees ; walnut-trees ; ewe- 

 trees ; trees of sweet wood j slate for building ; a stone like emery that would 

 cut iron or steel. 



And of indian manufactures, he saw, 



Deer skins well dressed ; red copper tobacco pipes ; pots of eartfa to dress 

 meat? ; beads ; bows and arrows ; dresses composed of mantles of feathers ; 

 dresses of skins of divers sorts of good furs ; ornaments of copper about the neck. 



Van der Donk, before quoted, says, that the indinns plant maize, and differ- 

 ent kinds of bans, (which, they state, came to them from the southern indians) 

 pompions, and squashes, and that their country abounds with mulberries of a 

 superior quality, a great variety of plums, wild cherries, juniper berries, small 

 apples of different kinds, hazle nuts, black currants, gooseberries, blue west- 

 india figs, whortleberries, different kinds of blackberries, and one kind of as ex 

 cellent a quality as in Holland, barberries, cranberries, artichokes, which grow 

 under ground, aart-aacksrs, or espea d'Etniffer, (probably truffles,) caster beans, 

 wild onions, and garlic. That in spring and autumn the water fowl are so nu- 

 merous, that the inhabitants in the vicinity of the waters are often deprived of 

 -~!eep by their noise ; that the swan is most numerous ;" that there are tbrer 

 kinds of geese ; that the fishes are in the greatest plenty: streaked basse. 

 f- had, sturgeon, sea ba?se, black fish, herring, &c. and shell-fish of all kinds; 

 that the best oysters are sold from four to six slivers a hundred ; that the num- 

 ber of deer is incredible ; and that eighty thousand beavers are annually killed 

 in those parts, exclusive of elands, (elks,) bears, otters, and deer, and yet their 

 -umbers do not appear to be diminished. 



He further says, that when the indians are disposed to treat you in an extra- 

 ordinary manner, they serve you with the tail of a beaver, the head of a streak- 

 ed hasse. roa?tetf ma i?r>. or rh^nit" bmten into flour, boiled with the fatten * 



