VIOLA. 



259 



let beneath, the side ones bearded. 

 Leaves, alternate, broadly heart-shaped, 

 tapering to a point, serrate, the nerves 

 pubescent, on stalks half their length, 

 the upper ones shorter. North Ame- 

 rica. Naturalized, on the fringes of 



woods or shrubberies, in any soil. 

 Division. 



Viola cornuta (Horned Violet). A 

 very ornamental and popular species, 

 6 to 10 in. high. Flowers, nearly all 

 the summer ; pale blue, but darker 

 than those of F. calcarata; spur awl- 

 shaped; sepals awl-shaped. Leaves, 

 heart-shaped-ovate, crenated, ciliated ; 

 stipules incise-dentate, not pinnati- 

 fid, with a triangular terminal lobe 

 larger than the lateral ones. Alps 

 and Pyrenees. Beds, edgings, bor- 

 ders, etc. ; best in sandy loam, though 

 it will grow almost anywhere. Divi- 

 sion, cuttings, or seed. 



Viola delphinifolia (Delphinium- 

 leaved Violet). An interesting and 

 distinct kind. Flowers, in spring ; fine 

 sky-blue, rather smaller than those of 

 V. pedata, on stems that are at the 

 time of flowering a little longer than 

 the leaves, the 2 upper petals pubes- 

 cent, the lower ones notched at the 

 ends; spur pouched, short. Leaves, 

 pubescent on the margins and nerves, 

 pedately 7' to 9- parted ; segments 

 narrow, 2- to 3-divided ; stipules 

 ovate - lance - shaped, nearly entire. 



Prairies of Missouri. Rockwork, or 



borders, in sandy loam. Division and 

 seed. 



Viola lutea (Yellow Violet). A very 

 pretty dwarf Violet considered by- 

 Mr. Bentham a variety of V. tri- 

 color, but it is certainly distinct 

 enough for garden purposes. Flowers, 

 nearly all the summer; yellow, with 

 blackish lines, larger than those of 

 V. tricolor; petals wedge- shaped, 

 bearded at the base, the lateral ones 

 paler, the 2 upper ones sometimes 

 purple ; sepals lance-shaped, acute ; 



spur as long as the calyx. Leaves, 

 ovate or oblong, crenate, fringed ; 

 stipules palmatifid ; stems simple, 



triangular. Britain. Beds, bor 



ders, edgings, or the rock-garden, in 

 any good garden soil. Division, seed, 

 or cuttings. 



Viola obliqua (Large American Violet). 

 V. cucullata). A large and showy 

 kind, 4 to 10 in. high. Flowers, in 

 early summer ; fine cobalt blue, scent- 

 less, very numerous, large; upper 

 divisions rayed and streaked with 

 white or violet ; the lower one tinged 

 with white at the base ; sometimes 

 the flowers are one-coloured. Leaves, 

 erect, numerous, smooth, long-stalked, 

 heart-shaped, pointed, slightly folded 

 or hollowed like a spoon, serrated. 



North America. Borders and the 



rock-garden, or naturalized in copses, 

 in ordinary light soil. Division. 



Viola odorata (Sweet Violet). Pro- 

 bably more grown than any other 

 plant for the sake of its grateful odour ; 

 about 6 in. high. Flowers, in spring 

 and early summer ; readily known 

 from the other kinds by their odour. 

 Leaves, roundish-heart-shaped, crenate, 

 smoothish ; runners long, rooting. 

 There are numerous varieties of this 

 plant, some of the most important 

 being the double blue, double purple, 

 double white, double pale blue, single 

 white, and also a striped one. Europe, 



Asia, and frequent in Britain. 



Borders, beds, edgings, etc., preferring 

 a warm sandy loam. Although a na- 

 tive plant, it is not found in many 

 districts. Where it does not occur 

 wild in the pleasure-grounds or woods, 

 it should be abundantly naturalized 

 therein, preferring at first warm banks 

 and slopes where it might be en- 

 couraged to bloom well in early spring. 

 Division. 



Viola palmata (Palmate-leaved V.) 

 An interesting kind, distinct in the 

 shape of its leaves ; about 6 in. high. 

 S 2 



