THE GRANNOM 171 



dressed with a light or medium starling's feather 

 for the wings, but I think these are ever inferior 

 to the landrail feathers. 



In either case the wings should be doubled, 

 i.e., each wing should be doubled before being 

 tied on, as the flies represented are four-winged. 

 The artificials are generally made with the wings 

 upright ; this should not be. The natural fly 

 never carries its wings upright ; neither should 

 they be dressed too close, but rather midway 

 between the two at an angle of 45. They will 

 thus, when wet, lie quite closely enough, and 

 without clogging round the hook. 



THE GRANNOM (TRICHOPTERA). 



On those rivers where it is to be found this is 

 a very special fly, and has a season all its own, 

 and its arrival is little less looked forward to by 

 the angler than that of the mayfly ; indeed, it not 

 infrequently happens that there is better sport 

 obtained during the grannom season than in the 

 mayfly. Unlike the latter, however, it cannot be 

 depended upon. One year it appears in countless 

 myriads ; the next there is scarcely a fly of the 

 species to be seen. Some years ago, when fishing 

 on the Test, the rise of grannom on one portion 

 at least of that river was a most extraordinary 

 sight. I was fishing on that part of the river 

 which runs through the Broadlands estate, on 



