KOLGUEV AND THE NAVIGATORS xxv 



Gourdon and our cooper caught two hawkes, whereof one was spoyled 

 in the taking, the other remayneth aliue.' 1 



And William Gourdon himself writes in the same year that 'the 

 third (August) at noone we had sight of Colgoieue Hand and took the 

 latitude, being on the north side of the island, which was 69 degrees 

 20 minutes : and at night I went on shoare to see the Land, which was 

 high clay ground : and I came where there was an airie of slight falcons, 

 but they did flie all away save one, which I tooke up, and brought 

 aboard. This He of Colgoieue is but thirtie leagues from the Barre 

 of Pechora.' 2 



It seems that such Russian coast-maps or charts of Kolguev as 

 existed at the beginning of this century were drawn by the small 

 traders, seamen of the opposite coast. No attempt to fix positions 

 seems to have been made until the years 1823, 1824, nearly three 

 hundred years after Willoughby's death. 



1823-24.- — In those years Admiral Lutke, during his third and fourth 

 voyages to Novaya Zemblya, crossed to the coast of Kolguev and 

 determined the latitude and longitude of the north-western, and the 

 longitude of the western points, and took views of some points of the 

 north-west coast. 3 



1826. — A Russian expedition was equipped in this year for the 

 survey of the ocean east of the White Sea as far as the mouth of the 

 Petchora, and including Kolguev. This expedition, under the ' under- 

 pilot ' Berejnyeh, sailed right round the island in four days, and so 

 executed its commission. 4 



1 841. — This year is memorable in the history of Kolguev as being 

 the first during which any landing or attempt at scientific examination 

 was made. Professor Saweljew, accompanied by Dr. Ruprecht (Con- 

 servator of the Botanical Museum of the Imperial Academy of Science), 

 paid two visits to the island in the months of July and August of this 

 year. In a most interesting paper, 5 in which Saweljew gives the results 



1 Purchas his Pilgrimes, vol. iii. book 3, chap. ix. 

 - Ibid., chap. viii. 



3 Cf. Lutke's Journey to Novaya Zemblya, Erman's Translation, vol. ii. p. 325. 



4 Memoires (Sapiski) of the Hydrographical Dept., v. p. 18. 



5 Archiv fur Wissenschaftliche Kunde von Russland, 1852, A. Erman, x. 313- 

 316. 



