94 MANUAL FOR SUGAR GROWERS. 



der-tempered only a portion of the phosphoric acid 

 is precipitated, and the resulting scum will contain 

 only a small proportion of phosphate of lime ; if, 

 on the other hand, the lime be added in sufficient 

 quantity, practically all the phosphoric acid is pre- 

 cipitated, and the resulting scum is rich in phos- 

 phate of lime, as shown in the above analyses. 



The quantity of sugar in the fresh cake is from 

 two to four per cent., and, as the cake amounts to 

 about one per cent, of the volume of the juice, 

 the loss of sugar in the cake will be about one- 

 fourth per cent, of the total sugar in the juice ; or, 

 say, from three hundred to five hundred pounds on 

 a crop of one hundred hogsheads ; whereas, if the 

 scum thrown away were four per cent., as in the 

 case of the defecator, the loss would be about three 

 and one-fourth hogsheads. These figures will suffice 

 to show the value of a filter-press. 



The cake from the filter-press forms excellent 

 food for cattle. The nitrogen present in the dried 

 cake is equal to about twelve per cent, of albumi- 

 noids, being equal in quantity to that contained in 

 such foods as oats and maize, and somewhat less than 

 half that contained in linseed cake, peas, and beans. 



When fresh, cattle will eat both the fluid scum 

 from the defecators or the solid cake from the press 

 with avidity. But owing to the rapidity with 

 which it becomes sour, there is danger of produc- 

 ing colic in the animals unless the greatest care is 

 taken. In the case of the defecator scum it is im- 

 possible to preserve it. Hence, only what can be 

 eaten by the stock at once is of any use as food. 



