422 



NATURE 



[September i, 1892 



monials at the Tusayan Pueblos." Mr. Fewkes and his assistant, 

 Mr. J. G. Owens, were admitted as priests by the Tusayans, so 

 that the paper contains many details which have not hitherto 

 been accessible to students. Mr. Fewkes also presents a report 

 on the present condition of a ruin in Arizona called Casa 

 Grande, and Mr. Owens describes various natal ceremonies of 

 the Hopi Indians. 



The new number of the Internationales Archiv fiir Ethno- 

 ^ra//«^ (Band v., Heft 3) opens with a paper, in French, by 

 M. G. van Vloten, on the flags used at Teheran in connection 

 with the festival in memory of the martyrdom of the Imam 

 Hu9ein. M. Desire Pector contributes (also in French) some 

 observations suggested to him by the reading of a work by M. 

 de Montessus on Pre-Columbian Salvador. Herr F. Grabowsky 

 writes (in German) on the theogeny of the Dayaks. 



The following are the subjects of papers in the current 

 number of the Mineralogical Magazine : — Minerals from the 

 apatite-bearing veins at Noerestad, near Risor, on the south- 

 east coast of Norway, by R. H. Solly (with a note on their 

 occurrence, by A. L. Collins) ; on the pinite of Breage in Corn- 

 wall, by J. H. Collins ; danalite from Cornwall, by H. A. 

 Miers and G. T. Prior ; mineralogical notes from Torreon, 

 State of Chihuahua, Mexico, by Henry F. Collins ; note on 

 crystals of manganite from Harzgerode, by Frank Rutley ; 

 analysis of aragonite from Shetland, by J. Stuart Thomson ; 

 orpiment, by H. A. Miers. There are also reviews and 

 abstracts ; and Mr. Miers and Mr. Prior contribute a valuable 

 index to mineralogical and petrographical papers, 1888. 



We have received from the Geological and Natural 

 History Survey of Canada, Part 4 of "Contribations to 

 <3anadian Micro-PalEesntology." The report consists of de- 

 scriptions and illustrations of thirteen new and three previously 

 known species of Radiolaria, collected by officers of the survey 

 from the upper cretaceous rocks of North Western Manitoba, 

 and has been prepared for publication by Dr. D. Riist, of 

 Hanover. Mr. Tyrrell, geologist in charge of the explorations 

 in Manitoba, contributes a short introduction to the report. 



Bulletin No. 11 of the Imperial University College of 

 Agriculture, Komaba, Tokyo, has recently been published. It 

 •consists of the report of Dr. O. Kellner on the third year's 

 " Manuring Experiments with Paddy Rice." 



Among the contents of the June number of Temehri, the 

 Journal of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society of 

 New Guinea, are papers on " Twenty Years' Improvements in 

 Demerara Sugar Production " (Part 2), " The Bats of British 

 Guiana," " Guiana Gold," and " Our Birds of Prey." The 

 number also contains many short notes of an interesting nature. 



Mr. S. Garman publishes a treatise on the fishes of the 

 families Cyclopteridse, Liparopsidse, and Liparididse, in the 

 Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard 

 College (Vol. xiv., No. 2, April 1892). Though several of the 

 rarer forms of Discoboli are not represented in the collections of 

 the Harvard Museum, yet it possesses so many duplicates of 

 several species, in addition to rare and some undescribed types 

 of others, that it presented great facilities for a study of the 

 group, of which Mr. Garman has well availed himself. Prof. F. 

 W. Putnam had at one time intended to write a history of the 

 group, and many drawings had been some years ago prepared 

 for it by Mr. Roetter ; these drawings have been utilized in the 

 present memoir, and the work has been made more complete by 

 the drawings of the young stages of several of the species, con- 

 tributed by Prof. A. Agassiz. After a short introduction there 

 is a history of the distribution of the species, followed by one on 

 the history of the genera from the times of Pliny, Gesner, and 

 NO. I 192, VOL. 46] 



others, and then a description of the recognized genera and 

 species, of which the following is a summary. Cyclopterus lum- 

 pus, Linn. ; Eumicrotremus spinosus, Mull. ; E. orbis, Gthr. ; 

 Cyclopteroides gyrinops, gen. et spec, nov, (St. Paul's Island, 

 Alaska) ; Cyclopterichthys ventricosus. Pall.; C. amissus, Vai'l. ; 

 Liparops, gen. nov. established for Cyclopterus stelleri. Pall. ; 

 Liparis montagui, Don. ; L. mucosus, Ayr. ; Z. calliodon, Pall. ; 

 L. liparis, Linn. ; L. antarctica. Put. ; Z. agassizii, Put. ; Z. tuni- 

 catus, Reinh. : Z. steineni, Fisch. ; Z. pulchellus, Ayr. ; Z. pallidus, 

 Vaill. ; Careproctus mie7-opus,Gthr. ; C. major, Fabr. ; C. gelatino- 

 sus, Pall. , C. reinhardi, Kroy. ; Paraliparis rosaceus, Gilb. ; P. 

 bathybiuSj,Co\. ; F, liparinus,GoodG ; and P. membranaceus Gihr. 

 Careproctus longifilis, spec, nov., and Paraliparis fimbriatus, 

 spec, nov., are also indicated, but will be described at length in 

 the forthcoming report of the " U. S. Fishery Commission." 



Some experiments have recently been made at the New York 

 Agricultural Experiment Station upon the possible effect of long- 

 continued applications of a copper sulphate spray used as a 

 fungicide (Bulletin 41). Two soil mixtures were used, one con- 

 taining 5 per cent, and the other 2 per cent, of copper sulphate. 

 These quantities are comparatively so enormous that useful 

 practical conclusions cannot yet be drawn, though some of the re- 

 sults have proved interesting. Seeds of plants representing widely 

 differing natural orders were planted in these soils, and at the 

 same time an equal number of the same kinds of seeds were 

 planted for checks in similar soil to which no copper sulphate 

 was added. Care was taken to select good seed, and to give the 

 soil mixtures, and checks exactly similar conditions and treat- 

 ment. In the soils containing sulphate of copper more seeds 

 germinated in almost every case than in the soils containintj no 

 copper. The average length of time required for germination 

 was greatest in the copper soils. The foliage of plants grown 

 in the copper soils was of a deeper green and darker with the 

 5 per cent, soil mixture than with the 2 per cent, one, but 

 although darker the leaves were smaller and the height of the 

 plants and the yield of fruit very much less than in the case of 

 plants grown under normal conditions. Peas grown in the 2 per 

 cent, soil mixture seemed to be more vigorous for the first few 

 weeks than the check plants grown in untreated soil ; they also 

 came to maturity earlier, but finally showed a dwarfed appear- 

 ance, and the yield was less than with the check plants, being 

 little more than one-half the yield under normal conditions. In 

 the 5 per cent, soil mixture peas gave a yield only one-seventh 

 of that from untreated soil. In the case of all plants grown in 

 the soil mixtures the roots were very small and ill-developed. 

 Analysis of the tops of tomatoes grown in the 5 per cent, soil 

 showed in the air-dried substance '06 per cent, of copper, proving 

 conclusively that these plants can take up sulphate of copper by 

 their roots. Analyses were made of berries and stems from vines 

 which had been sprayed with copper compounds, and although 

 the amount of copper found upon the stems varied, that found 

 on the grapes was practically constant, and amounted to I/I20th 

 of a grain per pound of grapes, this quantity being considered 

 quite negligeable and harmless. 



The additions to the Zoological Society's Gardens during the 

 past week include two Rhesus Monkeys i 9 {Macactis rhesus) 

 from India, presented by Mr. J. Hall-Browne and Mr. Rivers 

 respectively; four Virginian Foxes {Canis virginianus) from 

 California, presented by Mr. Edward Chauvenet Holden ; two 

 Ogilby's Rat Kangaroos {Hypsiprymmis ogilbyi) from Australia, 

 presented by Mr. John W. Roche ; a Ruffed Lemur [Lemur 

 varius) from Madagascar, deposited by Captain Marshall, 

 F. Z. S. ; three Tigers <J ? 9 {Felis tigris) from India, deposited 

 by Messrs. William Watson and Co. ; a Blue and Yellow Macaw 

 {Ara avarauna) from South America, presented by Mr. R. 

 Larchin ; ten Spanish Blue Magpies {Cyanopolius cooki), and 



