264 



NATURE 



[January 16, 1896 



derivatives with an allcaline solution of sodium hypochlorite. 

 — The rdle of the fever in the evolution of an infectious 

 disease, by M. Cheinisse. — On serotherapy of tuberculosis, by 

 MM. V. Babes and G. Proca. In the case of the animals 

 used, chiefly dogs, immunity to virulent tuberculous injections 

 was effected by treatment with tuberculin in increasing 

 doses for several months, followed by subcutaneous injection in 

 increasing doses of the dead bacilli that had already served for 

 the preparation of the tuberculin. — On the embryonic membranes 

 of the Molguhr, by M. A. Pizon.— On the gills of the Tetraclita 

 porosa, by M. A. Gruvel. The oxygenising surface of the gills 

 is enlarged in a peculiar manner ; instead of only one lamella, 

 there are from eight to ten, of different sizes, according as they 

 are at the ends or the middle of the gill, each of which is folded 

 on itself in the most irregular fashion. — Note on Mucor and 

 Trichodernia, by M. J. Ray. A description of a new species of 

 mucor, to which the name oi Mtico?' crtistaceus is given, and of a 

 parasite much resembling Trichoderma viride. This case of 

 parasitism is accompanied by important modifications, both of 

 the host and of the parasite : in the former, the mineral coating 

 being largely increased, and its spores reduced in number ; in the 

 latter, appearance of a continuous structure, and reduction of 

 the fructiferous apparatus. — On the yield of flour from wheat, 

 and on whole-meal bread, by M. Balland. — On some French 

 lakes, by M. A. Delebecque. — On the abyss of Gaping Ghyll, 

 by M. E. A. Martel. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



London. 



THURSDAY, January i6. 



Royal Society, at 4.30. — The Rotation of an Elastic Spheroid : S. S. 

 Hough. — On a Type of Spherical Harmonics of Unrestricted Degree, 

 Order, and Argument : Dr. Hobson, F.R.S. — Memoir on the Theory of 

 the Partitions of Numbers. Part I. : Major MacMahon, F.R.S. — .Some 

 Physical Properties of Argon and Helium': Lord Rayleigh, Sec.R.S. 



London Institution, at 6. — Experiments with Incandescent Lamps : Prof. 

 Fleming, F.R.S. 



LiNNEAN Society, at 8. — On the Fistulose Polymorphinae and the Ramu- 

 lina: : Prof. T. Rupert Jones, F.R.S., and F. Chapman. 



Society of Arts, at 4.30. — The Shan Hills : their Peoples and Products : 

 Colonel R. G. Woodthorpe, C.B., R.E. 



Society of Antiquaries, at 8.30. 



Chemical Society, at 8. — The Acetylene Theory of the Luminosity of 

 Hydrocarbon Flames : Prof. Vivian B. Lewes. — And other Papers. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8. — Presentation of Premiums. 

 — Inaugural Address of the President, Dr. John Hopkinson, F.R.S. 



Numismatic Society, at 7. 



FRIDAY, January 17. 



Royal Institution, at 9.— More about Argon : Lord Rayleigh, Sec.R.S. 



OuEKETT Microscopical Club, at 8. 

 iistitution of Civil Engineers, at 8.— Iron Tunnels: W. O. Leitch. 

 PIDEMIOLOGICAL SOCIETY, at 8. — Experiences in Relation to Cholera in 

 India from 1842-79: Surgeon-General C. A. Gordon, C.B. 

 SA TURD A Y, January 18. 



Royal Institution, at 3.— To the North of Lake Rudolf and among the 

 Gallas : Dr. A. Donaldson Smith. 



MONDAY, January 20. 



Society of Arts, at 8. — Alternate Current Transformers: Dr. J. A. 

 Fleming, F.R.S. 



Victoria Institute, at 4.30. — On Newly-deciphered Inscriptions : Mr. 

 Pinches. 



London Institution, at 5. — Cambridge University; its History and De- 

 velopment : E. J. C. Morton, M.P. 



TUESDA Y, January 21. 



Royal Institution, at 3.— The External Covering of Plants and Animals : 

 Prof. C. Stewart. 



Royal Photographic Society, at 8. — On Irregular Grained Screens : E. 

 Sanger Shepherd. 



Institution of Civil Engineers, at 8. — The Sanitary Works of Buenos 

 Ayres : Sewerage, Drainage, and Water-Supply : Hon. R. C. Parsons. 



Anthropological Institute, at 8.30. — Annual Meeting. 



Royal Statistical Society, at 5. 



WEDNESDAY, ]K^M^.Vi 22. 



Society of Arts, at 8.— Supply of Sea-Water to London : Frank W. 

 Grierson. 



Geological Society, at 8. — On the Speeton Series in Yorkshire and 

 Lincolnshire : G. W. Lamplugh. — On Cretaceous Podophthalmata from 

 Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Islands : Dr. Henry Woodward, F.R.S. 

 — On a Fossil Octopus from the Cretaceous of the Lebanon ; Dr. Henry 

 Woodward, F.R.S.— On Transported Boulder Clay : Rev. Edwin Hill. 

 THURSDAY, iKNVf.KY 23. 



Royal Society, at 4.30. 



Chemical Society, at 8, — Helmholtz Memorial Lecture: Prof. G. F. 

 Fitzgerald, F.R.S. 



London Institution, at 6. — Unexplored Glaciers of Vatna Jijkul : F. W. 

 W. Howell. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8. 



Society of Antiquaries, at 8.30. 



FRIDAY, January 24. 



Royal Institution, at 9.— Ludwig and Vitalism : Prof. Burdon Sander- 

 son, F.R.S. 



Physical Society, at 5. — Exhibition of some Geometrical Instruments ; 

 E. Scott and Signor Monticolo.— On Resultant Tones : Prof. J. D. 

 Everett, F.R.S. — Experiments with Incandescent Lamps : Sir D. Salo- 

 mons. 



BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, and SERIALS RECEIVED. 



Books.— Object Lessons for Infants : V. T. Murchd, Vol. 2 (Macmillan). 

 — Ethnology : A. H. Keane (Cambridge University Pre.ss). — Popular Tele- 

 scopic Astronomy : A. Fowler (Philip). — Journal of Microscopy and Natural 

 Science, third .series, Vol. 5 (Bailliere).— The Steam Engine : Prof. J. H. 

 Cotterill, 3rd edition (Spon). — Folk og N.itur i Finmarken : H. Reusch 

 (Kristiania, Brogger).— A New View of the Origin of Dalton's Atomic 

 Theory : H. E. Roscoe and A. Harden (Macmillan). — Types of American 

 Char.-icter : G. Bradford (Macmillan), — Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungea 

 der Physikalisch-Technischen Reichsanstalt, Band ii. (Berlin, Springer). — 

 Beobachtungen der Russischen Polar Station an der Lenamundung, i Theil, 

 1882-84. — Nouveaux M^moires de la Sociit6 Helvetique des Sciences 

 Naturelles, Band xxxiv. (Williams).— The Koh-i-Niir Diamond ; E. W. 

 Streeter (Bell).— Ostwald's Klassiker der Exakten Wissenschaften, Nr. 67 

 to 71 (Leipzig, Engelmann). — The Life and Letters of George John. 

 Romanes (Longmans). — Discoveries .^nd Inventions of the Nineteenth 

 Century : R. Routledge. nth edition (Routledge). 



Pamphlets. — Some Factors in the Evolution of Adaptations : G. D. 

 Haviland (Porter). — La Th^orie Atomique et la Thtforie Dualistique : Prof. 

 E. Lenoble (Paris, Gauthier-Villar.s). — Government and Religion of the 

 Virginia Indians : Dr. S. R. Hendren (Baltimore). 



Serials. — Engineering Magazine, January (Tucker). — American Journal- 

 of Science, January (New Haven). — Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 

 January (Griffin). — Verhandlungen der Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preus- 

 sischen Rheinlande, &c., 52 Jahrg. i Halfte (Bonn) — Psychologische 

 Arbeiten, Erster Band, 2 and 3 Heft (Leipzig, Engelmann).— Strand Maga- 

 zine, January (Newnes). — Strand Musical Magazine, January (Newnes). — 

 American Naturalist, January (Philadelphia). — Journal of the Chemicali 

 Society, January (Gurney). — Himmel und Erde, January (Berlin). — Berichte 

 der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Freiburg i.B., June, .September, 1894 ; 

 September 1895 (Williams). — Morphologisches Jahrbuch, 23 Band, 3 and 4 

 Heft (Williams).— Zeitschrift fur Wissenschafte Zoologie, Ix. Band, 4 Heft; 

 Ditto, Ixi. Band, i Heft (Williams). 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



Euclid and his Editors. By G. B. M 241 



Recent History of the Carbohydrates ....... 242 



Our Book Shelf:— 



Turpin : "Practical Inorganic Chemistry " 243 



Pinar : " Observaciones de precision con el Sextante " 244 



Rosenberg: " First Stage Mechanics " 244 



Chambers: " The Story of the Solar System " . . . 244 



" British Guiana and its Resources " 244 



Bell: " Mammals of Land and Sea " 244 



Letters to the Editor: — 



A New Method of Measuring Temperature. — 



Prof. Reginald A. Fessenden 244 



On Crookes' Spectrum of Helium. — C. Runge and 



F. Paschen 245 



The Place of " Pithecanthropus" in the Genealogical 



Tree. {With Diagram.) — Dr. Eug. Dubois . . 245 



An Anagram. — E. H 247 



The . Barisal Guns and Similar Sounds. — Lieut. - 

 Colonel H. H. Godwin-Austen, F.R.S. ;T. D. 



La Touche - . 247 



Boring a Coral Reef.— W. W. Watts 248 



Variability of Red Stars.— Dr. A. Brester ; The 



Writer of the Note 249 



Mount Wosho. — Antoine d'Abbadie ; The Writer 



of the Note 248 



Cactacesein the Galapagos.— W. Botting Hemsley, 



F.R.S 249 



A Luminous Centipede. — T. Plowman 249 



The Critical Temperature of Hydrogen. — Dr. L. 



Natanson 249 



A Fog Scale.— Alfred O. Walker 249 



Fluorescence of Sodium and Potassium Vapours, 

 and the Importance of these Facts in Astro- 

 physics. [With Diagrams.) By Drs. E.Wiedemann 



and G. C. Schmidt 250 



Notes 251 



Our Astronomical Column: — 



Hind's Variable Nebula 255 



o Ceti ....... . . ■ • 255 



Stellar Velocities with Objective Prism 255 



A New Star in Centaurus 256 



The Ethnology of the British Upper Classes. By 



R. J. Horton-Smith 256 



The Smithsonian Institution. I. {Illustrated.) By 



Dr. G. Brown Goode 257 



University and Educational Intelligence 261 



Scientific Serials 262 



Societies and Academies. {Illustrated. ) 262 



Diary of Societies 264 



Books, Pamphlets, and Serials Received 264 



NO. 1368, VOL. 53] 



