426 



NATURE 



[March 5, 1896 



further established fifty scholarships tenable at the Company's 

 school at Woodford in Essex, a first grade modern school, and 

 offered them for competition by boys attending metropolitan 

 public elementary schools. They co-operated in the conversion 

 of one of their charities, now known as the Sir Wm. Bowman's 

 Foundation, Greenwich, by means of which one hundred boys, 

 selected by competition from public elementary schools in 

 Greenwich, are now receiving gratuitously education in the Upper 

 School of Greenwich Hospital. They have established scholar- 

 ships in connection with the People's Palace Technical Day 

 School, and some two hundred boys from metropolitan public 

 elementary schools are now receiving gratuitous education there 

 of a character to fit them to take their place as apprentices and 

 improvers in workshops and manufactories. These scholarships 

 are also offered for public competition. 



In the year 1888 the Company, recognising the value of 

 manual training as an adjunct to the general education of boys 

 and girls, voted ;^ioc)0 towards the cost of introducing and 

 carrying on such training in metropolitan elementary schools 

 for one year. The grant has annually been renewed since 

 that date, and the manual classes are largely maintained by 

 means of this grant. To places of higher education, both in 

 London and the provinces, the Company have for many years 

 past, and are still voting assistance. They established the spin- 

 ning department of the Belfast Technical School ; the engineering 

 department of the University College of South Wales, Cardiff; 

 the coal-mining department of the Yorkshire College of Science, 

 Leeds ; and they were the principal contributors to the establish- 

 ment of the department of technical education in the University 

 College of Nottingham. They have also made large grants for 

 buildings and apparatus to many other educational institutions. 

 During the year 1892, they expended no less than ;^26,ooo in 

 the promotion of education. 



Since 1893, the Drapers' Company have very largely extended 

 the educational work of the People's Palace ; in fact, they have 

 contributed about £\oo,<yx> to that institution. They have also 

 increased their grants to the various provincial institutions men- 

 tioned in the foregoing, and assisted several others. Their 

 School Board scholarships have been annually renewed, and 

 they are maintaining their subscription of ;i^iooo a year to the 

 manual training classes in London elementary schools. About 

 two years ago they established six scholarships with the view to 

 enabling certain selected pupil-teachers from elementary schools 

 to proceed to one of the universities. This scheme is working 

 successfully, and will no doubt be developed. At present the 

 Company are subscribing £/^QO to ^^500 per annum for these 

 scholarships. They are also contributing a somewhat similar 

 amount for the apprenticeship of boys to handicraft trades. The 

 foregoing refers to work done by the Company in its corporate 

 capacity. As trustees, they administer several important edu- 

 cational and apprenticeship endowments, and for the most part 

 free of all expense to the charity. 



The Fishmongers' Company have contributed a total sum of 

 ;^68,76o to the City and Cniilds Institute, ^525 to the Borough 

 Road Polytechnic, ^340 to the North London Polytechnic, 

 ;^52 \os. to the Wandsworth Technical Institute, £210 to the 

 Baltimore Fishery School, ^4300 to the Marine Biological 

 Association, Plymouth, and ;^io5 to the British Institute of 

 Preventive Medicine. They also grant a scholarship of ^60 

 to a student of the P insbury Technical College, to be held at 

 the City and Guilds Institute. The Company also grant 

 eighteen exhibitions of £i,o each to students of the Universi- 

 ties, and four exhibitions of £2.0 each to Masters of Arts, 

 four scholarships of ;i^"5o each to the City of London School, 

 and four of ;i^50 each to the Central Foundation Schools, besides 

 the large sums expended in the inspection of fish and the 

 protection of salmon. 



The Goldsmiths' Company, unlike some of the other great 

 Companies, have no educational trust ; but they spend a large 

 proportion of their corporate funds upon technical, scientific, 

 and general education. The Company was one of the first of 

 the Companies to take up the subject of technical education, and 

 they have been connected with the City and Guilds of London 

 Institute from its inception ; and to this Institute the Company 

 have been the largest donors, their contributions to the present 

 date exceeding ;^8o,ooo, in addition to which they give an annual 

 subscription of ^^4000. The Company have also, at their sole 

 cost, established and endowed their Technical and Recreative 

 Institute at New Cross. The capital expenditure upon the site, 

 buildings, and equipment of this Institution amounts at this 



NO. 1375, VOL. 53] 



date to very little less than ;^ioo,ooo ; and the Company have 

 also assigned to it a minimum endowment of ;^6ooo per annum. 

 As regards general education, the Company have established 

 seventy exhibitions of ;,^5o per annum each for poor students 

 at Oxford and Cambridge. These exhibitions are awarded 

 solely for merit, coupled with a careful consideration of the 

 pecuniary needs of the candidates. The Company also con- 

 tribute to Newnham and Girton Colleges for poor lady- 

 students ; and they make considerable occasional grants to 

 other educational Institutions. A short time ago the Com- 

 pany granted ;i^i(X)0 to the Royal Institution, for the further- 

 ance of Prof. Dewar's researches at low temperatures ; and 

 ^1000 to the Imperial Institute, for research work in con- 

 nection with Indian and Colonial products ; and they have 

 also recently given ;i^iooo for the prosecution of research 

 work in connection with the anti-toxin treatment of diphtheria. 

 Altogether, a careful examination of the Company's expendi- 

 ture during the past ten years shows that during that period 

 thirty per cent, of the gi-oss corporate income of the Company 

 has, on an average, been devoted to educational purposes, and, 

 as above mentioned, all this expenditure is made out of the 

 Company's private funds. 



The Skinners' Company give ;i^2000 per annum to the City 

 and Guilds Institute and contribute towards the support of the 

 Northampton Institute at Clerkenwell — the chief of the three 

 members of the City group of Polytechnics. Many other grants 

 have been made from time to time for educational and other 

 purposes, scientific and recreative. 



The Merchant Taylors' Company expend out of their corporate 

 income between £'j<yx) and £%<yy:> a year on their school at 

 Charterhouse Square, grant £1000 a year to the City and 

 Guilds of London Institute, and make other grants of consider- 

 able sums for educational purposes, the total annual average 

 expenditure on general education amounting to 28 per cent, 

 of the net corporate income. 



The Haberdashers' Company's donations and grants are, 

 we are informed, mainly devoted to general education ; but no 

 specific information has been furnished us with reference to 

 them. 



The Salters' Company have founded the following scholar- 

 ships and Fellowships for the promotion of science, viz. : — 

 ;^ioo per annum to the Pharmaceutical Society of Great 

 Britain for higher scientific research. ^100 per annum to St. 

 Thomas's Hospital for a like object. ;,^ 1 50 per annum to the 

 City and Guilds Institute for research in chemistry in its relation 

 to manufactures (towards the general objects of which Institute 

 the Company also subscribe nearly 1000 guineas per annum). 

 The Company have founded Natural Science Exhibitions in 

 connection with the City of London School and King's College 

 School, London, which exhibitions are of the annual value of 

 ;i^8o each, as well as scholarships of lesser value at the Guild- 

 hall School of Music and the Royal Naval School, and, although 

 perhaps not of a scientific nature, scholarships have been founded 

 in connection with the Philological School in Marylebone 

 Road, and Trent College, Nottingham. In addition to the 

 above, the Company contribute to many objects of acknowledged 

 public utility, the amount of which contributions, in 1894, was- 

 some £yxiO. 



The Cloth workers' Company have very generously con- 

 tributed towards the advance of technical education in 

 London and the provinces, as will be seen from the sub- 

 joined statement of grants. The Company have also estab- 

 lished a research laboratory in connection with the Cloth- 

 workers' Textile, Dyeing, and Design Departments of the 

 Yorkshire College, Leeds. Numerous papers descriptive of 

 work done in this laboratory have been contributed to the 

 Chemical Society and the Society of Chemical Industry. The 

 Company's grants to scientific institutions in London are : — City 

 and Guilds of London Institute {^3500 per annum), ^68,250; 

 Imperial Institute, £2^0^; King's College (Scholarships not 

 exceeding ^225 per annum), ^2000 ; King's College (Kensing- 

 ton Branch for the Higher Education of Women), ;^500; 

 University College (Scholarships, ^^60 per annum), £(>^o ; 

 Northern (Islington) Polytechnic, ;^ 17, 500 ; People's Palace 

 Polytechnic, £1000 ; Borough Road Polytechnic, ^iooo_;. 

 Regent Street Polytechnic, ^500 ; South-Western Polytechnic, 

 ;^ioo ; Finsbury Polytechnic, ;^ioo ; North- West London 

 Polytechnic, ^50 ; City of London College, ^600 ; Birkbeck 

 Institution, ^^205 ; Marine Biological Association, ;^500 ; British 

 Institute of Preventive Medicine, ;^ioo ; London Society for 



