GALLESIO'ti TREATISE ON THE CITRUS FAMILY. 



31 



cold, it blossoms almost continually, and 

 cbiclly iu "winter. The fruit is sold in autumn 

 and in winter for conserves, which are delicious. 

 It is bought in summer by the Jews, who use it in 

 August for their Feast of Tabernacles. 



This tree is cultivated largely at San Renio, 

 San Steffano, and Taggia (Department of Mari- 

 time Alps), and there is a line tree in the Jarclin 

 des Plantes, Paris. 



VARIETIES NO. II. 



citrus medica cedra fructu maximo Ceiiucnsi. 



Citronnier a gros fruit. 



Cedrone. 



Maluni citrum C.i'iiuciisc vulgaiv. ( Vole, t 



Citruni Geuueiisc magui increment! . (For. llesp. i 



The citron of Genoa differs but little from the 

 dlrou of the Jews, except in its fruit, which is 

 extremely developed, and of which the flesh is 

 tough and less delicate. This variety is cultivated 

 for Its beauty, rather than its use to the confec- 

 tioner, at Tazzia, St. Remo, and at Mcnton. 



VARIETIES NO. III. 



Citrus inedica ccdra frnctu parvo Salodiauo. 

 Citronier de Salo : Petit cedrat : Ccdrino : Ctdratello. 

 Citnun JSalodianum parvuin, bonitate i)rimum. (Fer. 

 Hesp.) 

 Ccdrato di Garda. (Vole., part 2.) 



The small citron of Salo is a very line fruit, 

 sought after for the aroma of the outer and for 

 the delicacy of the inner skin. It originally ap- 

 peared at Salo. on the Lake of Garda, where its 

 culture is very extensive. 



It is also cultivated at Nervi, at Pegi, and at 

 Final, where it is called cedriuo. 



It differs from the citron of Florence only in 

 the leaf, which, in the latter, resembles that of 

 the lemon, while that of Salo has an entirely cit- 

 ron leaf ; and in the form of the fruit, which is a 

 little more ovate. Some pretend that this is in- 

 ferior in tiistc and perfume to the citron of Flor- 

 ence. 



VARIETIES NO. IV. 



Citrus medica ccdra flore scmi-plciio. 

 ( 'itronnier a neur double. 

 Cedro a fior doppio. 



Malum eitreiuii ilore plcno, et fruelu proIi!Vn>: Cairo di 

 iior c frutto doppio. (Vole.) 



The double-flowered citron is a variety due to 

 a superabundance of fructification, modifying the 

 germ in its formation. 



It is improperly called a double flower, as it j 

 is seldom that these flowers are truly full and 

 without stamens. They are usually but semi- 

 double, and often yield monsters, having inside 

 a second fruit. 



We shall have occasion to observe that this 

 phenomenon is very frequent in the varieties 

 having semi-double flowers. 



HYBRIDS NO. V. 



Citrus medica ccdra frnctu monstruoso aurautialo, ror- 

 tice crat^o nmcronato, medulla exL'ita. seminibus curcnte. 



Cedrat monstreux, ou cedrat de la Chine. 



Citrus- inedica tubcrosa: I'oncire. (T)csfonf.) 



Lima cttrnta monstttiosa sire scabios-i. < (Yr.'i Lima 

 Humana. (Miller.) 



The large orange citron is a plant having short 

 and stiff branches, llaltrned at tlie axil of the 

 leaf. 



These branches have many knots or joints 



closely placed, bearing large buds, which 'often 



develop into many shoots. The leaves, based 



upon a large nnd ecoop-simpod petiole, are fleshy 



4 



and of a deep green color; they are ovate in 

 shape, without points, and are often quilled at 

 their edges like the lip of a vase. The flowers 

 arc in clusters, their corollas being red on the 

 outside. 



Its fruit is of the size of the largest citron, being 

 often seventy centimetres (nearly twenty-eight 

 inches) in circumference. Ordinarily they are 

 nearly round, somewhat pointed at the apex, 

 where the rind forms itself into a fold, and pene- 

 trates to the middle of the inner skin, and even 

 to the pulp. 



The outer skin, or rind, is of a pale orange 

 color and very uneven, being covered with large 

 bunches. 



The inner skin, which forms the body of the 

 fruit, is white, coarse, and leathery. Its pulp is 

 thin and acid, and never contains seed. 



This citron tree is multiplied by graft, and also 

 grows very easily from layers, but is seldom, cul- 

 tivated in Liguria, except by amateurs and nur- 

 serymen. A plant may be seen in the Garden of 

 the Museum of Natural History, Paris. 



HYBRIDS NO. VI. 



Citrus medica cedra aurantiata, folia oblonga, petiolo 

 undo, flore candidq, fructu medio sub-rotundo, cortice 

 crispo, crasso, exterius croeeo, intns albo, satisque tenero 

 et in cibatu gratissimo: medulla colore anranti, jucundre, 

 dulci. 



Cedrat a fruit doux. 



Cedrato dolee. 



Maluni citreum dulci medulla. (E'er. Ilesp.) 



The sweeltfruited citron is a genuine luinie, 

 uniting many of the characteristics of the citron 

 to those of the orange. Its leaf is citron, its 

 flower orange. Its fruit has the form of the cit- 

 ron, and the color of the orange, having a thick 

 yet delicate skin which may be eaten with pleas- 

 ure like that of the citron, and a juice which, 

 modified by the influence of the orange, has a 

 sweet and very agreeable taste. 



This plant often bears monsters, enclosing 

 within themselves a second fruit about the size 

 of a walnut, and covered with a golden skin like 

 the other fruits. This phenomenon is due to ex- 

 traordinary fertilization, and occurs more fre- 

 quently among hybrids than in the ordinary va- 

 rieties ; most often in varieties having semi- 

 double flowers. 



HYBRIDS NO. VII. 



Citrup medica ccdra limoni folia Florentinum, fructu 

 parvo. ad basim lato, in papilla desinente, odoratissimo, 

 cortice flavo, intus albo tenero, in cibatu gratissimo; me- 

 dulla acida. 



Cedrat de Florence: petit poncire. 



Cedratello di Firenzc. 



Limon citratus Petnv sanetso. (Fer. Ilesp.) 



Citrum Floreutinum odoratissimum. (Mich. Cat. Hoft. 

 Flor.) 



Malum citreum Florentinum. (Vole.) 



Citrus medica Florentine : citrouierdc Florence. (Desf., 

 Tab. de 1'Ecole Bot.) 



The citron of Florence has been placed by 

 Ferraris among the lemon-cedrats, and has, iu 

 truth, characteristics proving a mixture of citron 

 with lemon. 



Its general appearance is that of the citron 

 tree, though growing only to a shrub, and its 

 tough branches can scarcely be made to submit 

 to the espalier (trellis). 



But the leaf is as large as the leuioo, and simi- 

 lar to it in form and color. The leaf is remarka- 

 ble because of the yellowish spots upon the clear 

 green, peculiar to this species. 



