GALLESIO'S TREATISE OX THE CITKUS FAMILY. 



buds or shoots are very close together, bearing' a 

 (quilled ovate leaf which covers the stem on "all 

 sides, and gives to the tree the rounded and point- 

 ed form of a cone. The flowers come out of these 

 shoots in great numbers, appearing to cover the 

 bough on all sides, thus forming a very large and 

 beautiful bouquet. The fruit is a trifle "larger 

 than the small Chinese orange, which it closely 

 resembles in taste and smell. It is a bigarade of 

 small fruit, cultivated in Ligaria among collectors 

 and seedsmen. There is a specimen of it in the 

 Garden of Plants in Paris, and I have observed 

 one at the Tuilleries which surpasses in size and 

 beauty all I have seen of this race in the south. 



VARIETIES NO. XXI. 



Citmtt nnrantium Indicum caulM-t fnirtu pnimlo. coiiice 

 it medulla amara, succo acido. 



Granger nain : Petit Chinois. 



Nanino da China : Chinotto: "Xapolino. 



Aurantium Sinensc pumilum : (vole, i 



Aranzo nano garbo. 



Pomiii di Daraa. 



Anrantium Goamnn pumilum : Aurantium Sincnse : 

 Mains aurantia humilis : Oranjc-bopm met de Kle,ine vrught 

 anders naautje. (Coin.) 



The dwarf orange is a most desirable variety 

 for ornamenting houses and gardens, being a 

 shrub, and dwarfed in all its parts. The stem, 

 the boughs, the leaf, the flower, and the fruit are 

 all small. In vases it attains to the size of a rose 

 bush, and in the open air it grows only to the 

 height of about seven feet. 



Its branches have the appearance of nosegays ; 

 this is owing to the proximity of the buds, and 

 to the leaf and flower alternating. 



They have no thorns, and bear a very odorous 

 flower. The fruit, sour and bitter, is about the 

 size of a small apricot, and is excellent for con- 

 serving. 



The dwarf orange is cultivated at Morviedro, in 

 the Kingdom of Valencia, where the skin is an 

 article of trade, the cut and dried peel being 

 used as seasoning of food. It is also largely cul- 

 tivated in Ligufia, principally at Savona, from 

 whence in early days the Genoese manufacturers 

 of confits were furnished with this fruit. 



VARIETIES NO. XXII. 



Citrus aurantium Indicum caule et fructu purailo, myrti- 

 folium. 



Granger nain a f cutties de inyrte. 

 Nanino da China a f oglia di mirto. 

 Aurantium myrteis f oliis Sinense. (Ferr . ) 



The myrtle-leaved dwarf orange is a sub- 

 variety unknown in Europe at the middle of the 

 seventeenth century. Ferraris reports it as a 

 species peculiar to China. Comraelyn and Yol- 

 camerius make no mention of it. It is now cul- 

 tivated in Tuscany and Liguria by the amateurs, 

 but solely for completing their collections, and 

 also by seedsmen for their trade in plants. 



There is a tree in the Jardin des Plantes at 

 Paris, and another at Malmaison. This orange 

 has all the traits of the little Chinese orange, the 

 one difference being in the shape of the leaf, 

 which is more pointed in this, and might at first 

 glance bo taken for the myrtle. 



' HYBRIDS NO. XXIIJ. 



Citrus aurantium Indicurn medulla duloarida. conicc 

 crasso et ainaro. 



Bigaradier a fruit doux. 



Arancio forte a medolla dolce : in Liguria Margaritino 

 dolce. 



Aiiruutium vulture fructu diilcacidn. (Vole.) 

 Aurantium vulgare : (sapore : medio. (Fcr. i 

 OraiiL'i' participant dc I'ai'jTc ct dti doux. (Oliv. dc SIT.. 

 p. 703. 



fThc sweet-fruited bigarade is a hybrid of the 

 orange and the bigarade, preserving the traits of 

 the latter in its rind, which is thick, uneven, and 

 bitter ; while the pulp, enclosed in a skin equally 

 bitter, is, notwithstanding, sweetish. 



It is cultivated in Liguria for ornament, and is 

 found only among amateurs. The seedsmen do 

 not multiply it, as it is not much sought after. 

 It is, perhaps, one of the hybrids longest known. 



HYBRIDS NO. XXIV. 



Citrus aurantium Indicum fructu magno. corticc era SHU 

 sub-dulci, medulla acida. 

 Bigaradier a ecorce douce. 



Arancio forte a frutto jjrosi-o e scor/a mangiabile, 

 Aurantium dulci cortici. (For., p. 433..) 

 Mains aurantia cortice eduli. (Bauh.) 



The bigarade of edible skin of Ferraris seem.s 

 to be a hybrid of the sweet orange. Neither 

 Commelyn, Volcamerius, or Millar make men- 

 tion of this fruit. That of which Clusius speaks 

 has sweet juice. I do not know where the va- 

 riety with sour juice is cultivated. Perhaps it is 

 a lost variety, which can, however, reproduce it- 

 self if one sows the seed of sweet oranges which 

 have grown in the midst of bigarades. This is 

 my reason for giving it a place in this catalogue. 



HYBRIDS NO. XXV. 



Citrus aiirantium Indicum citratum fructu magno, cor- 

 tice aureo, crasso, amaricante, medulla acida ct amara. 



Lumie orangee. 



Lumia aranciata. 



Aurantium citratum. (Ferr., p. 423.) 



Aurantium maximum : Arancio della gran sor tc. (Vole . , 

 p. 183.) 



The oranged-lumie, or the citroned-orauge, is 

 a hybrid partaking of the orange, the citron, and 

 the lemon. Its leaf, deep-colored, large, and 

 curled, approaches in form that of the Adam's 

 apple; the flower, shaded with red, belongs to 

 the lemon ; the fruit, very large, round, and flat- 

 tened, is very much like that of the orange. Its 

 skin is uneven and bunchy like that of the citron, 

 the color being a tint between that of the citron 

 and the orange, and detaches itself readily from 

 the sections, which are also very easily separated 

 from each other; the pulp, whitish and acid, 

 resembles that of the lemon. 



This description is of one in my possession, and 

 which appears to me to be a sub-variety of Ad- 

 am's apple. It differs by some accidents from 

 those spoken of by Ferraris and Volcamerius, 

 which also differ from each ether ; but it is nec- 

 essary to say that these hybrids preserve them 

 selves intact only when multiplied by the graft ; 

 those which come from seed are always changed 

 by the different proportions of their combination ; 

 thus one meets very rarely the same varieties. 

 But, by following the principles that we have 

 suggested, it is easy to determine their traits, and 

 by them to place the fruit among the lumies, the 

 limes, or the poncires. Each person can do it 

 for himself, and connect them, without difficulty, 

 to their analagous classes. 



HYBRIDS NO. XXVI. 



Citrus aurantium Indicnm fructu maximo, cimuo, vulgo 

 pomum Adami. 



Lumie d'Espagne: pomme d'Adam: at Parin, pompoleon, 

 Porno d'Adamo: Adamo. 



The greater number of botanists have con- 



