NO. 4 THE ORDAZ AND DORTAL EXPEDITIONS SCHULLER 9 



This act of summary justice, notwithstanding the fact that Argiiello 

 was a notorious thief, 1 was, however, considered as exceeding the 

 power of the governor, and Dortal was dismissed shortly afterward. 

 He married in the town of Santo Domingo in I546. 2 



Finally, special mention should be made of the inscription concern- 

 ing El-Dorado, which is, of course, also on Oviedo's map, connected 

 with the Inca Empire : " Detras destas sierras d[e]l Rio de Huyapari 

 Esta[n] muy grandes llanos lo qual se tiene por cjerto q[ue]s la 

 tierra del peru E los yndios dizen q[ue] detras destas sierras ay 

 grandes Riquezas. E mucho oro " (" Beyond these chains of moun- 

 tains of the river Huyapari, there are vast plains which are believed 

 to be the land of Peru, and the Indians say that beyond these chains 

 of mountains there are great treasures, and much gold "). 



The influence of El-Dorado 3 and other similar traditions of genuine 

 Indian origin, 4 on the cartography of South America during the 

 second half of the sixteenth century, has not yet been studied with 

 the care and attention which such an important historical and geo- 

 graphical question deserves. 5 



On the map, generally ascribed to Sir Walter Raleigh, 6 and made 

 about 1595,' we can see El-Dorado, Epuremei, 8 and that wonder-city 

 of Great-Manoa placed in the very vicinity of the legendary " Lake 



1 Loc. cit, p. 263. 



2 Loc. cit., cap. XVI. 



3 Synonymous with which are : Machif aro, or Machipalo ; Epuremei, Eupana, 

 La gran ciudad de la Manoa, which presumably gave origin to the legend 

 of the lost Inca cities somewhere in the virgin forests beyond the Andes. 



4 Notwithstanding the corrupt and often exaggerated form in which most of 

 these traditions came to us, the principal elements are, after all, more or less 

 identical in the different versions. 



5 A special chapter will be reserved for this most interesting question in my 

 work on the " Origin and Development of the Early Cartography of America." 



"Reproduced by Paul Vidal de la Blache, " La Riviere Vincent Pinzon," 

 Paris, 1902. 



7 The map mentioned in the " officio " of the Duque is Raleigh's chart, but 

 not that of capitao Andre Pereira, as is erroneously believed by several 

 Brazilian historians ; cf . " Annales da Bibl. Nac. do Rio de Janeiro," Vol. 26. 

 Rio de Janeiro, 1905 ; " Documentos para a historia da Conquista e Colonisagao 

 da costa de leste oeste do Brazil" (separate), pp. 179-183. 



8 Very often named also Evpana ; cf . the planisphere of Bartholomeu Velho, 

 1561, on parchment, 4 sheets. Florence, Reale Institute de Bellas Artes. Re- 

 produced by Barao de Rio Branco (Jose da Silva Paranhos), " Frontieres 

 entre le Bresil et la Guyane Franchise." " Atlas." Paris, Lahure, 1900, No. 14. 



