SCIENCE IN "BONDAGE" 75 



science and Roman Catholic doctrine." We need 

 not labour this point. It is sufficiently obvious, 

 nor does it need any catena of authorities to 

 establish the fact, that outside the Church, and 

 even, as we have hinted above, amongst the less- 

 instructed of her own children, there is a prevalent 

 idea that the allegation with which this paper 

 proposes to deal is a true bill. 



Those who give credit to the allegation must of 

 course ignore certain very patent facts which are, 

 it will be allowed, a little difficult to get over. 

 They must commence by ignoring the historical 

 fact that the greater number almost all indeed 

 of the older Universities, places specially intended 

 to foster and increase knowledge and research, 

 owe their origin to Papal bulls. They must 

 ignore the fact that vast numbers of scientific 

 researches, often of fundamental importance, 

 especially perhaps in the subjects of anatomy and 

 physiology, emanated from learned men attached 

 to seats of learning in Rome, and this during the 

 Middle Ages, and that the learned men who were 

 their authors quite frequently held official 

 positions in the Papal Court. They must finally 

 ignore the fact that a large number of the most 

 distinguished scientific workers and discoverers in 

 the past were also devout children of the Catholic 

 Church. Stensen, " the Father of Geology " 

 and a great anatomical discoverer as well, was a 

 bishop ; Mendel, whose name is so often heard 

 nowadays in biological controversies, was an abbot. 

 And what about Galvani, Volta, Pasteur, Schwann 

 (the originator of the Cell Theory), van Beneden, 



