PINE FAMILY 



39 



distinguished from beech wood tar and pine tar in not being com- 

 pletely soluble in 95 per cent acetic acid, and is distinguished from 

 juniper tar by not being entirely dissolved in anilin and in being col- 

 ored greenish with ferric chloride. 



An oily product is obtained in the destructive distillation of 

 the wood of the Prickly cedar (Juniperus Oxycedrus), a tree indigen- 

 ous to the countries bordering the Mediterranean, and is official as 

 oil of cade. It is a brown, viscid liquid with a tarry odor and 

 a pungent, bitter taste. The oil varies in composition and the only 

 constituent that has been isolated is the sesquiterpene, cadinene. 

 Of the phenols which it contains nothing is known. 



FIG. 16. Typical view in the Adirondacks, showing the spire-like balsams 

 (Abies balsamea) and a single white pine (Pinus Strobus). 



An oil known as kien oil is obtained by the destructive distil- 

 lation of the wood of the root of Pinus sylvestris. The oil is prepared 

 in Germany, Russia, Finland and Sweden, and consists of d-pinene, 

 d-sylvestrine and in addition, in all except the Swedish oil, dipentene 

 has been determined. 



COLOPHONY. Rosin or Resin. The residue after the distil- 

 lation of the crude oleo-resin (or turpentine) of Pinus palustris and 

 other species of Pinus (Fam. Pinacese), evergreen trees indigenous to 

 the southern United States. There are two commercial varieties of 

 Colophony: (1) one which is amber colored and derived from the 



