124 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY 



the countries of southwestern India. The grains vary in shape from 

 narrow ellipsoidal to broadly ovoid, are somewhat flattened, more or 

 less acute or beaked at one end and possess numerous distinct lam- 

 ellse. They vary in size from 0.010 to 0.075 mm. in length. Accord- 

 ing to Fllickiger the grains begin to swell at 72 C. when heated with 

 water. 



ZEDOARIA. Rhizoma Zedoariae, Radix Zedoariae or Zedoary. 

 The rhizome or tuber of Curcuma Zedoariae (Fam. Zingiberacese), a 

 plant cultivated in southeastern Asia, Madagascar and other tropical 

 countries. The rhizome is collected in Ceylon and Madras, cut 

 transversely into pieces, dried and shipped to Bombay, most of the 

 exported article being sent into market via Trieste. 



Description. In nearly circular disks, from 1 to 4 cm. in diameter 

 and 4 to 10 mm. in thickness; outer corky ay erlight yellowish-brown, 

 roughly wrinkled and marked by circular root-scars or short root 

 bases; cut surface, white, or grayish-white, nearly smooth, with a 

 distinct dark endodermis, numerous orange-colored resin cells and 

 light-colored circular vascular bundles; fracture short, mealy; odor 

 aromatic, camphoraceous ; taste pungent and somewhat bitter. The 

 drug and powder are distinguished by the presence of non-glandular 

 hairs, resembling those of matico, attaining a length of 1 mm., con- 

 sisting of 1 to 6 cells and possessing very thick walls. The starch 

 grains vary from 0.010 to 0.075 mm. in length and very closely 

 resemble those of Zingiber. The oil-secretion cells are suberized and 

 have a colorless and not a yellow content, distinguishing them from 

 those in Zingiber. 



Constituents. From 1 to 1.8 per cent of a cineol-containing vola- 

 tile oil; a soft resin; 50 per cent of starch; ash, 4.5 to 7 per cent; 

 and small quantities of sugar, fixed oil and mucilage. 



In a proprietary preparation said to contain " Latalia radix " 

 it was found that powdered Zeodary had been employed. Kraemer, 

 Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc., 1908 (Vol. L.) p. 977. 



Galanga. GALANGAL, RHIZOMA GALANG.E, GALGANT, GAL- 

 ANGA MINOR OR LESSER GALANGAL. The rhizome of Alpinia offi- 

 cinarum (Fam. Zingiberaceae), a plant indigenous to and cultivated 

 since ancient times in the countries of Eastern and Southeastern 

 Asia. The sympodially branching rhizome may attain a length of 

 1 M. and is collected from plants that are from 4 to 10 years old. It 

 is cut into small pieces and dried. The commercial supplies are 

 obtained from Hainan and shipped from Shanghai and Hang-Chow, 

 China. 



