CANNABIS 173 



mostly spheroidal or more or less polygonal, usually about 0.003 mm. 

 in diameter, but also attaining a diameter of 0.025 mm. 



Ground elm bark has been reported to be adulterated with wheat 

 starch or wheat middlings, but this does not seem to be the case. 

 The small quantity of wheat starch which is sometimes detected is 

 considered to be in the nature of an accidental contamination. The 

 usual adulterant is a bark from which the mucilage has been extracted 

 or at least barks poor in mucilage are sometimes found on the market. 

 Good elm bark gives a rather thick mucilage on digesting one part 

 of the ground bark in 40 -to 45 parts of cold water. 



An odor, resembling that of Ulmus, occurs in fenugreek, and in 

 wheat middlings which have been kept in more or less closed contain- 

 ers for some time. 



Constituents. The principal constituent is mucilage; it also 

 contains starch and calcium oxalate. 



Allied Plants. Ulmus campestris, or European elm, yields a 

 bark which is dark brown, and contains, besides mucilage, a bitter 

 principle and tannin. 



HORACES, OR MULBERRY FAMILY 



They are herbs, shrubs or trees, and distinguished for the most 

 part in having laticiferous cells, which occur in both the axis and 

 leaves of the mature plant. The laticiferous tubes in the pith often 

 extend through the medullary rays, uniting with those in the cortex. 

 In the leaves of some species of Ficus the laticiferous ibubes are 

 found associated with vascular bundles only, while in other species, 

 as the common rubber plant in cultivation (Ficus elastica) the tubes 

 send out branches which traverse the mesophyll tissue. The latex 

 of certain plants of this family contain very large granules, the 

 nature of which has not been determined, as in the black mul- 

 berry (Morus nigra), the fig (Ficus Carica), the common rubber 

 plant (Ficus elastica) and the osage orange (Maclura pomifera). 

 Upon making a microscopic mount of the latex of the leaves of the 

 common cultivated rubber plant, it is seen to consist of numerous 

 globules and very soon shows a separation of sphserite aggregates of 

 crystals. See Kraemer's "Applied and Economic Botany/' p. 240. 



CANNABIS INDICA. East Indian Hemp. The flowering tops 

 of the pistillate plants of Cannabis sativa, or the variety indica 

 (Fam. Moracese), an annual herb indigenous to Central and Western 

 Asia, and cultivated in India and other tropical countries and also in 

 temperate regions for the fiber and seed. The drug, however, is 



