SIMARUBA 



379 



color with sulphuric acid; a crystalline non-bitter substance; a 

 fluorescent principle; a resin; gallic acid, and calcium oxalate and 

 malate. 



Allied Plants. In 1904 the bark of the stems and branches 

 of a tree growing in Ciudad Bolivar was found in commerce under 

 the name of Maracaibo Simaruba. The pieces consisted chiefly of 

 the inner bark, varying from 0.7 to 0.9 cm. in thickness; externally 

 they were mottled, showing groups of yellowish stone cells in among 

 the parenchyma; the inner surface was brownish-yellow, smooth, 

 and with shallow furrows; the fracture being short, granular. The 

 bark appears to be derived from Simaruba officinalis (Fig. 166). 







FIG. 166. Maracaibo Simaruba Bark probably derived from the stems of Sim- 

 aruba officinalis: A, transverse section showing medullary rays (m); and 

 stone cells (s) in the outer bark. B, tangential-longitudinal section showing 

 medullary ray cells (m) ; sieve tubes (s) ; and bast fibers (/). C, starch grains 

 mostly single, spheroidal, somewhat pyriform and about 0.020 mm. in diam- 

 eter. D, transverse section of the outer bark showing the large group of 

 stone cells (s<); irregular bast fibers (/); and medullary ray cells (m). After 

 Rosenthaler and Stadler, Ber. d. d. Pharm. Ges., 1907, p. 137. 



Literature. Zornig, Bot. Abstracts, 1918, 1, p. .30. 



Brucea Sumatrana and B. Antidysenterica (Fam. Simaru- 

 bacese). The fruits of Brucea Sumatrana, popularly known as 

 K6-sam Seeds, were obtained from the East Indies,- where they are 

 reputed to be a valuable remedy in the treatment of tropical dysen- 

 tery. The fruits and other parts of the plant of Brucea antidysen- 

 terica are similarly employed in Abyssinia. Both the fruit and the 

 bark of these two species of Brucea contain, amongst other con- 

 stituents, several amorphous bitter principles. Certain statements 

 by previous investigators, regarding the character of the active prin- 



