CANELLA 447 



Chemical analysis has shown it to consist to a large extent of the 

 glyceryl esters of optically active acids. The acid present in the 

 largest proportion has been designated as chaulmoogric acid; it also 

 contains hydnocarpic acid. Power, Jour. Chem. Soc., 1904, p. 838; 

 1907, p. 557; Shattopadhyay, Amer. Jour. Pharm., 1915, 473; 

 Power Ibid., p. 493. 



WINTERANACE.E, (CANELLACEJE), OR CANELLA FAMILY 



A small family of 4 genera, comprising in all about 8 species. 

 They are mostly tropical or sub-tropical trees, having alternate 

 evergreen leaves, golden-yellow flowers, and fleshy berry-like fruits. 

 The phelloderm is characteristic in that the inner walls of the cells 

 are strongly lignified. The pericycle does not contain any scleren- 

 chymatous tissues. The secretory cells are distributed throughout 

 the parenchyma of stems, roots and leaves. These cells are either 

 spheroidal or ellipsoidal, possessing suberized walls, and contain a 

 yellowish oily content. The tracheae are marked by bordered pores 

 and scaliform perforations; the wood fibers possess bordered pores , v 

 and the medullary rays usually become broader as they extend 

 into the cortex. Calcium oxalate is secreted in the form of rosette 

 aggregates or solitary crystals. Both glandular and non-glandular 

 hairs are apparently wanting. 



Canella. CANELLA CORTEX, CORTEX CANELLA, ALB^B, CA- 

 NELLA BARK, WHITE BARK OR WHITE CINNAMON. The bark of 

 Winterana Canella (Canella alba), a small, evergreen tree belong- 

 ing to the Winteranaceae and indigenous to the West Indies and 

 Florida. When the drug is collected the bark is divested of its very 

 light grayish cork, the inner layer of periderm, consisting of stone 

 cells, remaining. Most of the commercial supplies are obtained 

 from New Providence, one of the Bahama Islands. 



Description. In quills or transversely curved pieces, from 1 to 3 

 cm. in length, 1 to 4 cm. ,in breadth, and 1.5 to 5 mm. in thickness; 

 outer surface light yellowish-brown to orange-brown, somewhat scaly, 

 more or less reticulate, with transverse fissures and occasional patches 

 of silvery-gray cork; inner surface yellowish-white, finely striate; 

 fracture short, granular, outer bark with numerous yellowish-secre- 

 tion cells, inner bark with wavy medullary rays; odor cinnamon-like 

 taste aromatic, pungent, and somewhat bitter. 



INNER STRUCTURE. See Fig. 195. 



Powder. Light yellowish-brown or light reddish-brown; cal- 

 cium oxalate in rosette aggregates, from 0.020 to 0.050 mm. in 



