574 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY 



marrubiin; resin; and tannin, or a principle closely resembling it 

 in its astringency and behavior with ferric salts. 



Standard of Purity. Sage is the dried leaf of Salvia officinalis L. 

 It contains not less than 1 per cent of volatile ether extract, not more 

 than 25 per cent of crude fiber, not more than 10 per cent of total ash, 

 nor more than 1 per cent of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid. 

 (U. S. Dept. Agric.) 



Allied Plants. The oil from Muscatel Sage (Salvia Sclarea) has 

 an odor of lavender and apparently contains linalyl acetate. 



Adulterants. Greek Sage (Saliva triloba). Leaves are smaller, 

 thicker, with short petioles and the surface is more woolly. Spanish 

 Sage, the leaves of Saliva lavandseulfolial, are considerably smaller 

 than the official article, possess relatively long petioles and entire 

 margins. (U. S. Dept. Agric.) 



THYMTJS. Herba Thymi, Common or Garden Thyme. The 

 leaves and flowering tops of Thymus vulgaris (Fam. Labiatse), a 

 small evergreen shrub indigenous to Spain and Italy and extensively 

 cultivated both in Europe and the United States. The leafy and 

 flowering tops are gathered in May or June and carefully dried. The 

 commercial supplies are obtained from Germany and New York 

 State, where it is cultivated to a great extent. 



Descrpition. Stems slender, quadrangular, pubescent, more or 

 less curved, about 15 cm. in length and 1 mm. in thickness, exter- 

 nally light grayish-brown, pubescent, the older woody portions 

 purplish-brown, pith hollow. Leaves lanceolate or ovate oblong, 

 about 10 mm. in length and 3 to 5 mm. in breadth; summit acute, 

 base tapering into a short petiole, margin entire and revolute, both 

 surfaces grayish-green and glandular hairy, the veins of the midrib 

 and first and second order prominent, those of first order diverging 

 at an angle of about 65 and ending free near the- margin. Flowers, 

 in axillary clusters or in terminal glomerules; calyx 13-nerved, bi- 

 labiate, the lower 2-cleft, the lobes having awl-shaped, linear divisions; 

 corolla bi-labiate and about 3 mm. in breadth; stamens 4, straight 

 and exserted; ovary 4-parted and having a 2-cleft style; nutlets 

 ovoid, about 0.5 mm. in diameter, smooth. 



Inner Structure. Non-glandular hairs of 3 kinds: (a), unicellular, 

 sharp pointed, about 0.060 in length and having thick, papillose walls; 

 (6), uniseriate, sharp pointed, consisting of 2 to 3 cells, from 0.200 to 

 0.300 mm. in length and having thick papillose walls; (c), uniseriate, 

 consisting of 2 or 3 cells, the terminal one being somewhat curved or 

 hooked. Glandular hairs of 2 kinds: (a), consisting of a short stalk, 

 embedded in the epidermal layer and a unicellular head or secreting 



