602 



SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY 



summit and base, and entire or somewhat revolute margin. In the 

 drug they usually occur in broken fragments, which are thin, greenish, 

 brown, and have a slight distinct odor and bitter taste. They con- 







o 



FIG. 263. Hyoscyamus muticus: A, leaf. B, portion of upper surface of leaf. 

 C, portion of lower surface. D, section of flower showing calyx (c), lobed 

 corolla (p), stamens inserted on corolla tube (s), ovary (o). E, portion of 

 stalk with fruits showing cylindrical calyx. F, pollen grains in different 

 views. G, portion of xylem of stem showing tracheae (t) with bordered pores, 

 wood fibers (w) with oblique simple pores. H, characteristic branching 

 hairs found on the stem, leaves and calyx. K, crystals of calcium oxalate. 

 L, seed with epidermal cells having wavy walls, those at the edge being seen 

 in section and showing that the outer wall is not thickened. 



tain in addition to hyoscyamine (duboisine) and hyoscine, the alka- 

 loid pseudohyoscyamine, which occurs in small needle-shaped crys- 

 tals that are difficultly soluble in water but readily soluble in alcohol. 



