672 



SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY 



occurs to the extent of 2 to 3.5 per cent just before the expansion of 

 the flowers; 'volatile oil about 2 per cent, consisting chiefly of cineol, 

 some terpineol, terpinene and inactive pinene; a crystalline principle 

 arteraisin, which is apparently oxysantonin; and a resin. Santonin 

 crystallizes in rhombic prisms, becoming yellow on exposure to light; 

 it is nearly insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol; and col- 

 ored red by alcoholic solutions of the alkalies. 



FIG. 295. Santonica: A, transverse section of the wall of the ovary; E, E', e, 

 epidermal cells; g, tracheae, s, leptome. B, longitudinal section through a 

 flower bud showing involucre (H); C, stamen; D, glandular hair of a bud- 

 scale; E, glandular hair as viewed from above; F, style; G, transverse 

 section of the wall of the ovary showing tracheae (g, g') and conducting cells 

 traversed by pollen tube (1); H, pollen grain; J, flower bud showing ovary 

 (/); K, expanded flower showing stamens (S). After Meyer. 



ALLIED PLANT. Artemisia gallica, a plant abundant in France, 

 contains santonin and about 1 per cent of a volatile oil, 



ADULTERANTS. A santonin-free santonica has been recently 

 found in the markets of Europe and this country. Enz., Apoth. 

 Zcit., 1913, p. 514; LaWall, Jour. A. Ph. A., 1913, p. 596. 



