56 DARWINISM AND POLITICS. 



press the evolution of human society. They 

 are quite accurate, if appKpH wl ' f ^ a f ]lM rprnani- 

 tion of the new elements which enter into the 

 struggle oyer and above those operating in th e 

 biojo gjcal sph ere. But perhaps these formulae, 

 though accurate^ h ardly express the w hole 

 tr uth. Mr. Spencej!s^?ecognition of only two 

 great types of society the militant and the 

 industrial and his theory that social evoluti on 

 ends i n complete individualism are scarcely con - 

 sistent with hi s own insistence on the organic 

 o r super-or ganic nature of socie ty. ^ If'Henr y 

 M aineja as only one great formula that society 

 advances from status to contract and sticks 

 there or else goes backwards. Is there not a 

 higher type of society beyond and above each 

 of these onesided extremes cohesion without 

 individual liberty and individual liberty of the 

 negative sort without social cohesion ? 



In human society thought or reflection, as we 

 have seen, enters in as a factor, lifting it above 

 the merely natural organism, and so perhaps we 

 may look at the nature of thought in order to 

 find out the way in which society progresses. 

 On every subject we think about we begin with 

 some rough opinion, either received from others 



