104 NATURAL SELECTION AND 



tion and his memory of what he has perceived 

 being much less exact. As to the fact that the 

 hair has disappeared from the back of homo> 

 but not completely from the chest, is not that 

 correlated with the adoption of the erect posi- 

 tion ? and that, again, with the differentiation 

 of hands and feet ? And the advantage in 

 both these differences between man and the 

 lower animals is to be found in the use of 

 missiles and tools. 



Mr. Wallace, in his treatment of the moral 

 sense, raises the usual Intuitionist objections to 

 Utilitarianism. He holds that " there is a 

 feeling, a sense of right and wrong in our 

 nature, antecedent to and independent of ex- 

 periences of utility." l Now, it is just the 

 application of the theory of natural selection 

 in ethics that has removed the force of the 

 Intuitionist objections to the pre-evolutionist 

 Utilitarianism. It was easy enough to point 

 out that men's moral judgments are not as a 

 rule based on calculations of consequences, 

 but are the result of unreflecting feeling. 

 To the Evolutionist ethics this is no objec- 

 tion. The theory of natural selection makes 



1 Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection, p. 354. 



