THE HISTORY OE INSTITUTIONS. 125 



climate, the fauna and flora of the district, 

 are all causes of variations. The change pro- 

 duced in the English race by America and 

 Australia is a s^ood instance. 1 Whether and in 

 what way the effects of climate, etc., on the 

 physical organism are directly transmitted by 

 heredity is, of course, part of controversy just 

 referred to. Natural selection produces such 

 an adaptation of the physical organism as is 

 necessary to survival, i.e., types of physique that 

 are not adapted to the new conditions die out, 

 and so the more suitable types are constantly 

 selected, and thus there may gradually arise a 

 great deviation from the type which remains 

 more or less persistent in the old surroundings. 

 Whether, over and above this gradual change 

 produced by natural selection, the very marked 

 effects which take place in the individual's life- 

 time are transmitted to his posterity is, as we 

 have said, as yet " not proven." 



But does anything correspond to " sex " ? 

 Here, of course would be a tempting opportunity 

 for the political psychologist, like Bluntschli, 2 



1 Cp. Sir Chas. Dilke, Problems of Greater Britain, ii. p. 



579- 



- Theory of the State, Engl. Trail si., p. 22. 



