Newfoundland 



part cargo pipes of port wine, for which St. 

 John's is also celebrated. The climate of the 

 place is said to have a great effect on the satis- 

 factory maturing of the wine. The cod are found 

 on the famous banks that lie some miles from the 

 land, and are caught with long lines, called 

 " trots," which have hundreds of hooks on them 

 baited with squid. The fish are cleaned, split 

 open, and salted, at the place of their catching, 

 and are then brought ashore to be laid out on 

 grilles of wood to dry in the sun and air. The 

 livers are saved, and thrown into large tubs where 

 they remain until they are more or less de- 

 composed. The oil in them then rises to the 

 surface, when it is skimmed off with shallow 

 ladles. The best quality of this oil, as every one 

 knows, is used as a medicine in debility and 

 pulmonary diseases, whilst the lower grades are 

 employed principally by tanners. 



