158 THE COCKROACH 



i. The two protopodites are fused in the median 

 plane to form a two -jointed plate. The sub- 

 mentum or proximal joint is the larger of the 

 two, and is very broad from side to side. The 

 distal joint, or mentum, is smaller, and bears 

 the endopodites and exopodites. 



ii. The endopodites are together sometimes called 

 the ligula. Each is divided into an outer 

 division, the paraglossa, corresponding to the 

 galea of the first maxilla ; and an inner divi- 

 sion, corresponding to the lacinia. 



iii. The exopodites are three-jointed palps corre- 

 sponding in form and position to those of the 

 first maxillae. The stump supporting each is 

 called the palpiger. 



2. The thoracic appendages are three pairs of legs, borne 



by the sterna of the thoracic segments. They are 

 very similar to one another, but the hindmost are 

 rather the largest. Each leg consists of the following 

 parts. 



a. The coxa is the stout, flat, proximal joint of each 



leg. 



b. The trochanter is a very small piece attached to the 



distal end of the coxa. 



c. The femur resembles the coxa in form, but is more 



slender. 



d. The tibia is a slender straight joint armed with 



strong spines. 



e. The tarsus, or foot, is six-jointed, each joint having 



a soft white patch under its distal end, giving the 

 animal a foothold in climbing steep or slippery 

 surfaces. The terminal joint is small and bears 

 a pair of claws. 



3. Abdominal appendages are very rare amongst adult 



insects. The anal cerci already described, and 

 possibly also the styles on the ninth sternum of the 

 male, may be appendages, as also may the gon- 



