A HISTORY OF DURHAM 



mens are usually ' mailed ' or ' rough-tailed,' 

 and the fresh-water examples are ' smooth- 

 tailed.' 



"78. Ten-spined Stickleback. Gastrosteus pun- 

 gitius, Linn. 



Recorded in Sir Cuthbert Sharpe's History 

 of Hartlepool. Occurs in a pond at Picton, 

 near Stockton. 



79. Fifteen - spined Stickleback. Gastrosteus 



spinachia, Linn. 



LOPHOBRANCHII 



80. Greater Pipe-fish. Syngnathus acus, Linn. 



8 1. Snake Pipe-fish. Nerophis tequoreus. Linn. 

 Not so common as the preceding. 



HAPLOMI 

 82. Pike. Esox lucius, Linn. 



Wynyard Park, and other ponds, Tyne, 

 Tecs, Billingham Beck, Skerne. Small ex- 

 amples are called ' Jack.' 



OSTARIOPHYSI 

 *8j. Carp. Cyprinus carpia, Linn. 



Introduced into Wynyard Park and other 

 ponds. ' In becks near Stockton, escaped 

 from Wynyard ponds. J. Hogg.' Howse. 



84. Gudgeon. Gotta fluviati/is, Flem. 



Common in the Tees and its tributaries, the 

 Derwent, and other streams. Mentioned by 

 Surtees. 



85. Rudd. Leuciscus erythrophthalmus. Linn. 

 'Introduced into ponds . . . formerly in 

 ponds near Marsden.' Howse. 



*86. Roach. Leuciscus ruti/us, Linn. 



In the Tync and the Tees. Recorded by 

 Surtees. 



87. Chub or Skelly. Leuciscus cephalus, Linn. 



In the Tyne and the Tees. Recorded by 

 Surtees. 



*88. Dace. Leuciscus dobula. Linn. (L. vu/garis, 

 Yarrell, Day, &c.). 



Common in rivers. ' Recorded by Wallis, 

 Surtees, and J. Hogg.' Howse. 



"89. Minnow. Leuciscus phoxinus t Linn. 

 Common in rivers and streams. 



"90. Tench. Tinea vu/garis, Cuv. 



Introduced into Wynyard Park and Raby 

 Park ponds. 



*9i. Bleak. Alburnw lucidus, Heck. & Kner. 



Recorded by Clarke and Roebuck as com- 

 mon in the lower waters of the Tees. 



*92. Loach. Nemachilus kariatu/us, Linn. 

 Common in small streams. 



MALACOPTERYGII 



93. Argentine. Maurolicus borealis, Nilsson. 



'In former years (1859-60) I frequently 

 found this little fish washed up on the shore 

 at high-tide mark on South Shields sands and 

 in Marsden Bay during winter.' Howse. 



**94- Salmon. Salmo sa/ar, Linn. 



In the Tyne, the Tees, and more rarely in 

 the Wear. Caught also near the coast with 

 drift-nets. 



**95. Trout. Sa/mo trutta, Linn. 



The Brown Trout is common in rivers and 

 streams. The Sea Trout and the Bull Trout 

 ascend the Tyne, the Wear, and the Tees, and 

 are caught also in drift-nets near the coast. 

 The Bull Trout and the Sea Trout are more 

 common in the Wear than in the Tyne or 

 the Tees. Loch Leven Trout were introduced 

 into the Tees ten years ago and are still caught. 



96. American Brook Trout. Salmo fontinalh. 

 Mitchill. 



Introduced into the Tees. 



*97- Grayling. TbymallusvtxilKftr t Linn. 



Rare. In the Tyne and the Tees. Intro- 

 duced into the Tees in 1839 by J. C. 

 Chaytor. ' Introduced into the Derwent 

 about six years ago. Rev. W. Feathcrston- 

 haugh, May, 1890.' Howse. 



98. Smelt or Sparling. Osmerut eper/anus, 

 Linn. 



In the Tyne and the Tees. Recorded by 

 Wallis and by Surtees. 



99. Herring. Clupea barengui, Linn. 



100. Pilchard or Sardine. Clupea pi/char dus t 



Linn. 



An occasional visitor. Mentioned by For- 

 dyce. 



101. Sprat. Clupea sprattus, Linn. 



Occurs with young herrings in the summer, 

 and in 1902 both were present in extraordi- 

 nary abundance all along the coast. 



171 



