202. Redshank. Totanus calidris (Linn). 



Common in winter ; a few remain through- 

 out the year, but their former nesting resorts 

 are now drained. I am assured a few still 

 nest in Upper Weardalc. 



203. Spotted Redshank. Totanus fusau 



(Linn.). 



An accidental straggler, recorded from 

 Blanchland 12 August, 1840, also Jarrow and 

 Elton, dates uncertain. 



204. Greenshank. Totanus canescens (J. F. 



Gmelin). 



Occurs occasionally at spring and autumn 

 migration. Taken at Castle Eden and Elton. 



205. Bar-tailed Godwit. Limosa lapponica 



(Linn.). 



Not uncommon in autumn on the coast. 

 A few occur occasionally in winter and 

 spring. 



206. Black-tailed Godwit. Limosa tegtcepbala 



(Linn.). 



A rare visitor on autumnal and vernal 

 migration. I find no trace of its ever having 

 nested in the county. 



207. Curlew. Numenius arquata (Linn.). 



Local Whaup. 



Resident. Many breed on the moors in 

 the west. In winter great numbers frequent 

 the sea shore and marshes. 



208. Whimbrel. Numenius phaopus (Linn.). 



Spends the winter regularly on the coast in 

 small parties, frequenting the salt marshes of 

 Cowpen. 



209. Black Tern. Hydrochelidon nigra, Linn. 



An occasional visitor. Specimens are in 

 the Castle Eden and Elton local collections. 

 One was taken in the Tees, 7 August, 1886. 



210. White-winged Black Tern. Hydro- 



ckelidon leucoptera, Schinz. 



Once obtained at Port Clarence,Teesmouth, 

 on 1 5 May (year unknown), now in the New- 

 castle Museum. 



211. Sandwich Tern. Sterna cantiaca,]. F. 



Gmelin. 



Not infrequent in summer, as numbers breed 

 in Northumberland. 



BIRDS 

 213. 



Sterna macrura. Nau- 



Arctic Tern. 



mann. 

 Common in summer and early autumn. 



214. Little Tern. Sterna minuta, Linn. 

 A summer visitor, rather rare. 



215. Sabine's Gull. Xema sabinii, J. Sabine. 



One was shot at Seaham Harbour on 

 IO October, 1879, and is now in Newcastle 

 Museum. 



2 1 6. Little Gull. Larus minutus, Pallas. 



An almost regular autumn and winter 

 visitor, occurring in most local collections. 

 I had three specimens brought to me from 

 Cowpen Marsh in different years. Mr. Abel 

 Chapman shot one in 1886, at Whitburn, as 

 early as 28 August. 



217. Black-headed Gull. Larui ridlbundm, 



Linn. 



Very common, though it has no breeding 

 place left in the county. Comes far inland, 

 and may be seen following the plough thirty 

 miles from the coast. 



218. Common Gull. Larus canui, Linn. 



Abundant, and resident throughout the year, 

 but does not breed in the district. 



219. Herring Gull. 

 Gmelin. 



Larus argentatuSy J. F. 



A non-breeding resident. 



Abundant. 

 Larus fui 



220. Lesser black-backed Gull. 



Linn. 



A very common species. Resident through- 

 out the year, but breeding in Northumberland. 



221. Great black-backed Gull. Larus marinus, 



Linn. 



Not abundant, but always to be found off 

 the coast in winter. 



222. Glaucous Gull. Larus g/aucus, Fabricius. 



A not very rare winter visitor, generally 

 in immature plumage. 



223. Kittiwake. Rissa tridactyla, Linn. 



Common throughout the year, but has no 

 breeding station. 



224. Ivory Gull. Pagopbila eburnea, Phipps. 



A specimen in immature plumage was taken 

 at Seaton Carew in February 1837, and is 

 now in Sunderland Museum. 



212. Common Tern. Sterna fluviati/is, 225 



Naumann. 



In summer, but not so abundant as the 

 Arctic tern. 



Great Skua. Stercorarius catarrbactes, 



Linn. 



A rare winter visitor. One was captured 

 off the Tees on 14 October, 1887. 



189 



