A HISTORY OF DURHAM 



widow, holds 2 bovates, and is quit of rent and 

 all services in her life-time, and after her death 

 they shall return to the demesne of the bishop. 

 William son of Ornix 1 holds i carucate and 

 renders 10 shillings, and is quit of all other 

 services except that he comes to the great hunt 

 of the lord bishop with i hunting-dog. The 

 mill renders 20 baskets (sckeppas) of wheat at the 

 measure of Jarum. 8 



Walter de Roth holds GRENDONA [Grendon] 

 which the bishop bought and gave to him, for 

 his service, and renders thence 3 besants a year 

 and is quit of all other services. 



In NOVA RIKENHALL [New Ricknall] there 

 are II villeins, every one of whom holds I 

 bovate of 20 8 acres, and they work 3 days in 

 the week from Lammas to Martinmas, and con- 

 trariwise 2 days in the week, and they do 4 

 boon-days in the autumn, and every man renders 

 2 hens and 20 eggs. The demesne of the other 

 Ricknall of 4 ploughs with the meadows and 

 pastures and sheep is in the hand of the bishop. 



Gilbert holds HEWORTH [Heworth] for 3 

 marks, and is quit of the ancient works and 

 services, which he used to do for it as of 

 thegnage, for Ricknall which he quitclaimed. 



In DERLINGTONA [Darlington] there are 48 

 bovates as well of old villeinage as of new, which 

 the villeins hold, and they render for every 

 bovate 5 shillings, and they ought to mow the 

 whole of the bishop's meadow and to make and 

 carry the hay and to have a dole once and to 

 enclose the copse and the court, and to do the 

 services at the mill which they used to do, and 

 (to carry) for every bovate i cartload of wood, 

 and to do carrying-service (facere ladas) on the 

 bishop's journeys, and moreover 3 carrying ser- 

 vices a year for carrying wine and herrings and 

 salt. There are 12 firmars there who hold 12 

 bovates, and render rent as the villeins, but they 

 neither work nor go on the bishop's errands. Osbert 

 Rate 4 holds 2 bovates and renders 32 pence, 

 and goes on errands. The son of Wibert holds 

 2 bovates, for which William used to render 

 8 shillings, and now he renders for the same, 

 with the addition of 4 acres, 10 shillings and 

 goes on errands. Odo holds I toft of 23 acres 

 of cultivated land, where mast (fagina) was 

 sown, and renders 10 shillings only, and in 

 another part i6 acres, and of these he renders 

 10 shillings until Robert son of William de 

 Mowbray, who is in his wardship, be of age. 

 Gaufloie 5 20 acres for 40 pence, and goes on 

 the bishop's errands. Eugeliamus son of Robert 

 Marshall 6 acres for 1 2 pence. In like manner 

 the smith holds 8 acres for the iron gear of the 



1 A : William son of Orm. 



8 Unless we are to read Jarrow, I cannot explain this. 



8 A : 9. 



*A: Kate. 



6 A : Geoffrey Joie. 



6 A : Lambert. 



ploughs of Halton and for the small iron work 

 in the court of Darlington. Four cottiers render 



3 shillings 7 for their tofts. The pinder holds 

 9 acres and has thraves as the others, and renders 

 100 hens and 500 eggs. The rent of the 

 borough is 5 pounds, of the dyers of cloth half 

 a mark. 8 The mills of Darlington, Halutona 

 [Haughton], and Kettona [Ketton] render 

 30 marks. 



In BLAKWELLA [Blackwell] there are 46' bo- 

 vates, which the villeins hold, and they render 

 and work in all ways as the villeins of Darling- 

 ton. Five firmars hold 4 bovates, and they 

 render and do service as the firmars of Darling- 

 ton. Thomas son of Robert holds I bovate and 

 renders 40 pence. Four acres which belonged 

 to John Russ 10 render 16 pence. Adam son of 

 Ralf, of Stapleton, holds 4 bovates and I culture 

 of 1 6 acres and 3 rods, and renders 5 shillings and 



4 pence, and he shall have charge of the boon- 

 days and go on the bishop's errands. And the 

 same Adam renders for the herbage of Bathela 

 [Batheles] 32 pence. Seven cottiers render 

 3 shillings and 10 pence. 11 Robert Blount for 

 I little (piece of) land by the Tees 6 pence. Hugh 

 Punder for i acre 1 2 pence, and I toft of waste. 



In COKIRTONA [Cokerton] there are 47 bovates 

 which the villeins hold, and they render and 

 work in all ways as the villeins of Darlington. 

 Four firmars hold 3^ bovates, and they render 

 and do services as the firmars of Darlington. Six 

 cottiers render 3 shillings and 10 pence, and they 

 work in all ways as they of Blackwell. 



William holds OXENHALL [Oxenhall], namely 

 I carucate and 2 cultures of the land of Dar- 

 lington which Osbert of Selby used to hold at 

 farm, in exchange for 2 carucates of the land of 

 Ketton which his father and he used to hold in 

 drengage, which he quitclaimed for ever to the 

 bishop and his successors from him and his heirs. 

 He ought to have a horse-mill, and he and his 

 land are quit of multure and the service of the 

 mill and he renders 60 shillings a year. More- 

 over he does the fourth part of a drengage, that 

 is that he ploughs 4 acres and sows them with 

 the bishop's seed, and harrows and does 4 boon- 

 days in the autumn, namely with all his men 

 with the entire household, except the housewife, 

 and a fourth with I man from every house, 

 except his own house which shall be quit, and 

 he keeps a dog and a horse for the fourth part 

 of a year, and he carts wine with 4 oxen, 

 and does utwart when it is appointed in the 

 bishopric. 



7 A. adds and help to stack hay, and carry fruit 

 and work at the mill. 



8 A. reads The borough, dyers and bakehouse! 

 render 10 marks. 



A: 47- 

 >A: Rufus. 



11 A : 5 shillings, and help to stack hay, and carry 

 fruit and work at the mill. 



338 



