RUMINATING ANIMALS. 225 



their warmth ; and they are extended to a much 

 greater length, so as to extract every part of that 

 nourishment which their vegetable food so scanti- 

 ly supplies. 



In this manner are all quadrupeds of the cow, 

 the sheep, or the deer kind, seen to ruminate, 

 being thus furnished with four stomachs for the 

 macerating of their food. These, therefore, may 

 most properly be called the ruminant kinds, al- 

 though there are many others that have this qua- 

 lity in a less observable degree. The rhinoceros, 

 the camel, the horse, the rabbit, the marmot, and 

 the squirrel, all chew the cud by intervals, al- 

 though they are not furnished with stomachs like 

 the former. But not these alone, there are num- 

 berless other animals that appear to ruminate ; 

 not only birds, but fishes and insects. Among 

 birds are the pelican, the stork, the heron, the 

 pigeon, and the turtle ; these have a power of 

 disgorging their food to feed their young. Among 

 fishes are lobsters, crabs, and that fish called the 

 dorado. The salmon also is said to be of this 

 number ; and, if we may believe Ovid, the scarus. 

 likewise ; of which he says,* 



Of all the fish that graze beneath the flood, 

 He only ruminates his former food. 



Of insects, the ruminating tribe is still larger : the 

 rnole, the cricket, the wasp, the drone, the bee, 

 the grasshopper, and the beetle. All these ani- 

 mals either actually chew the cud, or seem at 



At contra herbosa pisccs laxantur arena, 



Ut scarus cpastas solns <jui ruminat escas. 

 VOL. II. P 



