100 GENERA AND SPECIES. 



The Power has from 12 to 15 rays in its first dorsal, 19 to 25 in 

 the second, 17 to 22 in the third ; in the first anal it has from 25 to 

 29, in the second from 17 to 24 ; in the caudal there are 26, in the 

 pectorals from 13 to 16, in the ventrals 6. The dorsals are joined at 

 their base ; the barbule, the ventrals, and the first anal are at equal 

 distances from each other. The snout is rather large and obtuse. 

 In colour it is brownish yellow, without bands. In length it is 

 about 8 inches. It feeds on crustaceans, and lives among rocky 

 ledges in somewhat deep water. 



The Coalfish has 12 to 14 rays in the first dorsal, 19 to 22 in the 

 second, 20 to 22 in the third ; in the first anal there are from 24 to 

 27, in the second 20 to 23; in the caudal there are 36, in the 

 pectorals 19, in the ventrals 6. The dorsals are not joined. In 

 colour it is greenish black above, silvery below, with an almost 

 straight white lateral line. In length it reaches 42 inches or more. 

 It is gregarious and voracious, and frequents deep, rocky coasts, 

 but is well known as a surface feeder under more names than any 

 other British fish. 



Couch's Whiting has 12 or 13 rays in its first dorsal, from 12 

 to 14 in the second, from 22 to 24 in the third ; in its first anal are 

 from 34 to 38, in the second from 20 to 25 ; in the caudal there are 

 from 25 to 29, in the pectorals 20, in the ventrals 6. The first and 

 second dorsals are narrow and pointed, with a much less interval 

 between them than that between the second and third ; the first 

 anal is long, low, and level. The lateral line is nearly straight, and 

 the body is long in proportion to its depth, and flat in its curves. 

 In colour it is brownish above, with a yellow stripe above the lateral 

 line, and one or more lower down the silvery sides. It is 15 inches 

 long, and is a deep-water species, common in the Mediterranean, 



The Pollack has from n to 13 rays in the first dorsal, 16 to 20 in 

 the second, 15 to 19 in the third ; in its first anal there are from 24 

 to 31, in the second 16 to 21 ; in the caudal there are 31, in the 

 pectorals 19, in the ventrals 6. The first ray of each dorsal is rather 

 short ; the second dorsal has an indentation in the middle. The 

 lower jaw projects considerably. The lateral line straightens at the 

 beginning of the second dorsal. In colour the Pollack is dark green 

 on the back, and golden and silvery on the sides. In length it 

 ranges as a rule from 18 inches to 30, but it has been known to 

 reach 36. It is found in moderately deep water, where the rocks are 

 covered with seaweed, and seems to feed on molluscs, worms, and 

 crustaceans when young, and on fishes when large enough to 

 swallow them. It is best known as a surface feeder, and is rarely 

 found far away from the shore. It is unknown on the western 

 coast of the Atlantic, and does not range much further south 

 than the Mediterranean. 



Galeus. Plate xxviii. CARCHARIIDSE. 



223. vulgaris, TOPE. Back grey and unspotted ; snout conical and 

 long. 



The Tope has the dorsals far apart and the ventrals midway 

 between them ; the lower lobe of the caudal fin is notched and 



