132 GENERA AND SPECIES. 



The Trout has from 12 to 15 rays in the dorsal, 10 to 12 in the 

 anal, 19 in the caudal, 13 to 15 in the pectorals, and 9 in the 

 ventrals. The fins vary in size and proportion according to the 

 surroundings, though in all cases the dorsal seems to be higher than 

 it is long. As a rule, the swifter the stream the larger the fins and the 

 slenderer the body. The colour also varies, being darker in deeper 

 water; in general it is brown, more or less silvery below and on the 

 sides, and it is marked with dark spots all over the upper part, with 

 red ones along the lateral line, and close above and below it, the 

 spots being usually ringed with white. In length the Trout reaches 

 28 inches. It goes to sea every year when it can, and is brightest 

 in colour when it returns. The typical Trout seems to be able to 

 swim in any clear running stream, no matter how shallow it may 

 be ; but deep water is evidently sought by its allies, some of whom 

 find it in lakes and some in estuaries and the sea. 



The Chars are even more difficult of short description. They are 

 all found in lakes formed directly by glacial action, or indirectly by 

 the deposition of glacial moraines ; and they all become red on the 

 underparts during the breeding season. Of the six on our list, 

 Cole's Char has 14 rays in the dorsal, 12 in the anal, 19 in the caudal, 

 13 in the pectorals, and 9 in the ventrals. In the lateral line are 

 from 125 to 128 scales. The pectorals are short, and the ventrals 

 and anal are edged in front with white. 



The Killin Char has 14 rays in the dorsal, 13 in the anal, 19 in 

 caudal, 13 in the pectorals, and 9 in the ventrals. The dorsal, 

 pectorals, and ventrals are the largest among the chars. There are 

 135 scales in the lateral line. In colour this char is dark, with a few 

 light spots on the sides. In length it is about 12 inches. It is named 

 from Loch Killin, in Inverness-shire, to which it is peculiar. 



Gray's Char has 13 or 14 rays in the dorsal, 12 in the anal, 21 in 

 the caudal, 13 or 14 in the pectorals, and 9 in the ventrals. The 

 dorsal begins nearer -the snout than in the other varieties, and the 

 scales are more conspicuous. There are from 125 to 140 scales in 

 the lateral line. 



The Alpine Char has from 12 to 14 rays in the dorsal, n to 13 in 

 the anal, 19 to 21 in the caudal, 12 to 14 in the pectorals, and 9 or 

 10 in the ventrals. The dorsal begins midway between the snout 

 and the caudal. There are from 125 to 145 scales in its lateral line. 

 In colour it has a purplish tinge above. Like all the chars it is a 

 deep-water species, rising to the surface only when the weather is 

 warm. 



The Torgoch has 12 or 13 rays in its dorsal, n or 12 in its anal, 

 21 in its caudal, 12 in its pectorals, and 9 in its ventrals. In the 

 lateral line are from 125 to 135 scales. It is purplish in colour 

 above, passing into yellow and red, and has many red spots on the 

 back and sides. 



The Windermere Char has 12 or 13 rays in the dorsal, n or 12 

 in the anal, 19 in the caudal, 13 or 14 in the pectorals, and 9 or 10 

 in the ventrals. There are 118 to 128 scales in the lateral line. The 



