1/4 Shells as evidence of the Migrations. 



of C. annulus are strung on strips of Pandanus leaf, the 

 whole hanging down from a neck string in front of the 

 chest Schmeltz (pp. n't., pp. 23 et seq.}, also cites the 

 use of C. argus and C. lynx as breast-ornaments, and 

 C. nioneta on hip-strings in N.E. New Guinea ; C. monet^ 

 on arm band, C. annulus as leg- and shield-ornaments in 

 S.E. New Guinea ; and C. nwneta as ankle-ornament in 

 NAY. New Guinea. 



In the Philippines, according to Schmeltz (pp. czf.\ 

 C. annulus is used as a neck-ornament, as decoration for 

 the coat-of-mail of the Moro, and as the eyes of ancestor- 

 images. 



According to Pickering the cowry was formerly in use 

 as money in the Hawaiian Islands. He says 137 : "An 

 estimable and intelligent Hawaiian lady gave me the 

 following particulars respecting former customs : . . . 

 Money was certainly known, for with a string of cowries 

 (Cypnea nioneta) it was possible to buy any article wanted. 

 Specimens of the same shell that were finer than usual, 

 having a high polish and deep yellow colour, were 

 extravagantly valued, and could only be worn by the 

 highest chiefs, who also exclusively possessed wooden 

 calabashes." In the Vancouver collection, British Museum, 

 are Leis of Cyprcea inoneta from these islands. 158 



In Oahu, Hawaii Islands, a large cowry, Cyprcea 

 niauritiana, is attached to fishing-nets in order to ensure 

 success. Specimens of this are in the R. D. Darbi- 

 shire collection, Manchester Museum. The stone (lava) 

 "net-sinkers" of Oahu are curiously enough all modelled 

 after this shell, being roughly carved with a high round 

 back and flat base, with a groove for the attachment of a 

 cord. 



1 nr Pickering, " Races of Man " (Bohn's Ed.), 1863, quoted by Stearns, 

 op. cil., p. 303. 



1 " >s '' Bernice 1'anahi Bishop Museum," Honolulu (1898-1902), Report 

 i.. p. 43- 



