INSTRUCTIONS ISSUED 61 



cap should be investigated, as well as the nature of the volcanic 

 region, of the mountain ranges, and especially of any fossiliferous 

 rocks. 



. . . You will see that the meteorological observations are 

 regularly taken every two hours. ... It is very desirable that 

 there should, if possible, be a series of meteorological observations 

 to the south of the 74th parallel. 



As regards magnetic work and meteorological observations 

 generally, you will follow the programme arranged between the 

 German and British Committees, with the terms of which you are 

 acquainted. 



Whenever it is possible, while at sea, deep-sea soundings 

 should be taken with serial temperatures, and samples of sea- water 

 at various depths are to be obtained for physical and chemical 

 analysis. Dredging operations are to be carried on as frequently 

 as possible, and all opportunities are to be taken for making 

 biological and geological collections. 



. . . The chief points of geographical interest are as follows : — 

 To explore the ice-barrier of Sir James Ross to its eastern 

 extremity ; to discover the land which was believed by Ross to 

 flank the barrier to the eastward, or to ascertain that it does not 

 exist, and generally to endeavour to solve the very important 

 physical and geographical questions connected with this remark- 

 able ice-formation. 



Owing to our very imperfect knowledge of the conditions which 

 prevail in the Antarctic seas, we cannot pronounce definitely 

 whether it will be necessary for the ship to make her way out of 

 the ice before the winter sets in, or whether she should winter in 

 the Antarctic Regions. It is for you to decide on this important 

 question after a careful examination of the local conditions. 



If you should decide to winter in the ice . . . your efforts as 

 regards geographical exploration should be directed to three 

 objects, namely — an advance into the western mountains, an 

 advance to the south, and an exploration of the volcanic region. 



... In an enterprise of this nature much must be left to the 

 discretion and judgment of the commanding officer, and we fully 

 confide in your combined energy and prudence for the successful 

 issue of a voyage which will command the attention of all persons 

 interested in navigation and science throughout the civilised world. 



