September, 191 1 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



XIII 



Bright, clear, well developed col- 



bhe variety. 

 ,il Value— Standard known 

 ieties, as grown in and suited 

 !. preferred. 

 1 1 . — 1 11 .'ill caso«, except seedlings, re- 

 normal type or shape of the va- 

 ri.iv, bill in the case of seedlings it refers 

 desired in a commercial variety, 

 ndish apple is of the most desirable 

 and oblate and ollong apples least 

 able. . . 



Freedom from Blemish.— Any injury by 

 . bruises, loss of stem, or 

 , ■:,,!■ ■, lessening the value or appear- 

 exhibit .shall be called a blem- 

 ish. 



Nomenclature.— Exhibits must be correct- 

 ly ,1 , ording to the nomenclature 

 adopted by the society, association or ex- 

 hibition at which they are shown. The use 

 of the standard of nomenclature adopted 

 Ijnerican i'omological Society is rec- 

 ommended to such bodies. 



Polishing.— Fruit on exhibition shall have 



h muoh of the natural bloom as possible. 



es should discourage polishing. 



ility and Texture.— To be considered 



seedlings, new varieties on 



i, or other K>rts in competition. 



ion. In collections it is desirahle to 

 as long a season as possible represent- 

 ,,,1 by the varieties shown. Varieties past 

 mon shown for the purpose of length- 

 the season will not, however, score 

 1 ^h as apples in condition though Of 

 Mason. 

 Site. While sise in some cases indicates 

 ;,n.l skill in production, it is not u.'ial 

 ly found with the highest color and Wit* 

 from blemishes; and as large size 

 is not as important as high color and free- 

 dom from blemishes, the largest fruit should 

 not take the first prize unless it is equal 

 or better in other respects than those in 

 compel it ion with it. 



"Uniformity. — Specimens should be as 

 n.aiU alike in size, form and color as pos- 



1 NI-1.\N VI'IO.V OK TERMS — PACKING AND PACK- 

 AGES 



Uignment.— Alignment refers to the rows 

 of fruit in the box— the straighter and 

 more regular the rows the better is the 

 alignment. 



[ttractiveness and Style of Pack.— When 

 the box is opened the fruit should look at- 

 tractive. The skill and good taste of the 

 shown in the appearance of the 

 fruit and the stvlo of the pack. There are 

 many styles of pack, but the one should be 

 ■nds itself best to the variety 

 size of fruit preferred. The fruit should 

 rly alike in size and color as pos- 

 sible The box also should be clean and 

 attractive looking. 



Bulge.— A bulge or swell in the top row 

 of fruit is necessary in order to ensure the 

 fruit carrying well. Before the top is put 

 on there should be a bulge of one and one- 

 half inches in the centre of the top row and 

 the fruit should be one-quarter of an inch 

 above the top of the box at the ends. When 

 the cover is on there should be a bulge of 

 -quarters of an inch at the centre, at 

 both top and bottom. 



Facing. -When facing a barrel, or when 

 beginning to pack a barrel, the apples for 

 the first row should be put carefully in with 

 the stem end down, the stems haying been 

 first cut off so that they will not injure the 

 fruit when pressed. If slightly smaller ap- 

 ples are used in the outside rows and larger 

 in the centres it improves the appear- 

 ance of the face. A second row is now put 

 in, in the same manner as the first, and 

 these apples should be arranged so they 

 will show through the spaces between those 



in the first row. These two rows constitute 

 face of the barrel. The fruit u .d for the 

 face should fairly represent the fruit 

 throughout the barrel, but the appli 

 these two rows should present as sttrsi 

 an appearance as possible. The law [i 



aid to facing, as defined in the I 

 and Sales Act. is as follows: "No person 

 shall sell or offer, expose or have in his pos- 

 M sion for sale any fruit packed in any 

 package in which the faced or shown 



a falso representation of the con- 

 tents of snob package, and it shall be con- 

 sidered a false repro ent ition when more 

 tli hi fifteen per centum of such fruit is 

 substantially smaller in size than, or in- 

 in grade to, or different in variety 

 from the faced or shown surface of such 

 package. apples in barrels, for exhibition 

 should be packed as required by law. 



Finishing.— By finishing is meant the 

 heading, lining, cleating and marketing of 

 the box or barrel. The heads of the barrel 

 should fit snugly into the chine. For bar- 

 rels, six rosined nails in each head are 

 usually .sufficient. They should be skilfully 

 driven through them and through the top 

 or bottom into the ends of the box. The 

 sides of the boxes should be nailed with 

 four nails at each end of each side of the 

 box. The nails used should not be smaller 

 than those known as five-penny. 



Marking.— The marking of barrels and 

 boxes .should be distinct and attractive. It 

 should comply with the regulations of the 

 Inspection and Sales Act, which call for the 

 initials of the Christian names of the 

 packer, his surname and his address; the 

 name of the variety of fruit, and the desig- 

 nation of the grade, whether it be i) 'ancy, 

 "No 1," "No. 3." or "No. 3." Such mark 

 may be accoi.ipanie ..! by any other designa- 

 tion of grade or orand if that designation 

 or brand is not inconsistent with, or marked 

 more conspicuously than, the one of the 



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26 



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|J4Hr] 



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THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



PETERBORO - ONTARIO 



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, 



