210 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



September, 191 1 



of packing in boxes over barrels or bas- 

 kets should not exceed in apples unwrap- 

 ped twenty-five per cent, to forty per 

 cent and in pears or peaches wrapped 



over unwrapped in baskets or boxes fifty 

 per cent, to seventy-five per cent. — this 

 estimate includes cost of paper. 



Our company has been packing in 



boxes for eight seasons, using as many 

 as eleven thousand packages in one sea 

 son. The demand is increasing and we 

 are getting better returns each year. 



New Brunswick's Best Varieties Essentially Box Apples 



A. G. Turney, Provincial Horticulturist, Predericton, N. B. 



NOW that the possibilities of apple 

 growing in New Brunswick are 

 being brought more prominently 

 before the public, and a new and increas- 

 ing interest in our apple lands is being 

 1 created, it is of in- 

 terest to note what 

 we expect to be 

 salient features in 

 the coming develop- 

 ment of the fruit in- 

 dustry in Canada. 

 Our hopes of build- 

 ing up a large and 

 profitable trade 

 must be based upon 

 the adoption of the 

 A. G. Tnrncy box as the most pro- 



fitable and suitable method of marketing 

 the varieties in which we excel. 



Our three leading varieties, as far as 

 the export trade is concerned, are the 

 Dudley, Fameuse and Mcintosh Red. 

 The edible and selling qualities of the 

 last two varieties need no comment. 

 With a proper system of distribution, 

 hundreds of thousands of boxes of these 

 famous and essentially Candian apples 

 can be profitably grown- in this province. 

 The Dudley is an apple as yet com- 

 paratively unknown outside of New 

 Brunswick. In that excellent work, " 

 "The Apples of New York," it is de- 

 scribed as a seedling of the Oldenburg, 

 originating with J. W. Dudley, Aroos- 

 took County, Maine. A few years ago 't 

 was introduced by a Rochester nursery 

 under the name of the North Star, and 

 it is commonly known under that name 

 in this province. It was afterwards 



found that the name had previously been 

 given to another variety, and therejore 

 the name Dudley Winter was retained 

 for it. This latter name is misleading, 

 as with us, even this far north, its limit 

 of season is the end of December or a 

 little later, and it is at its best from the 

 first of October to the middle of Nov- 

 ember. 



Between two and three thousand trees 

 of Dudley are in bearing in the province 

 and have proved to be quite hardy, 

 vigorous growers and early and heavy 

 bearers of medium to large fruits, prac- 

 tically immune to scab and most attrac- 

 tively striped and splashed with bright 

 carmine and covered with light bloom. 

 The flavor and eating quality is very 

 good, and as an October and early Nov- 

 ember apple on the English market the 

 Dudley should prove a big success and 

 create a large demand. Hardly any 

 trees of this variety are to be had from 

 the nurseries to-day. As, however, every 

 apple grower in the province is asking 

 for them and enquiries have been receiv- 

 ed by the Department of Agriculture 

 alone for over 10,000 trees, the nui ser- 

 ies are now making preparations to meet 

 the demand. It is reported that m some 

 sections of Nova Scotia the Dudley is 

 replacing the Gravenstein. 



EABLY VARIETIES 



Many people are inclined to ignore the 

 earlier season apples, pointing out that 

 their perishability and poorer selling 

 value do not class them with the winter 

 varieties as money-makers . We must, 

 however, consider that a variety like the 

 Duchess or the Wealthy can be produc- 



ed for sixty or seventy per cent, of the 

 cost of some of the winter varieties, and 

 surely this cost of production is as power- 

 ful a factor as the selling price in de- 

 termining which varieties are most pro- 

 fitable. 



The experience of the past few years 

 entitles the earlier varieties to more at- 

 tention. In New Brunswick I believe 

 that their production for the European 

 market will bring us, acre for acre, just 

 as large if not larger profits than the 

 winter varieties are producing elsewhere. 

 Since Red Astrachan and Duchess apples 

 sold last autumn in Winnipeg for two 

 dollars twenty-five cents to two dollars 

 fifty cents a box, which is equivalent to 

 one dollar twenty-five cents or one dollar 

 fifty cents f.o.b. St. Catharines to the 

 grower, and Number Two Duchess sold 

 at five dollars a barrel, we may well con- 

 sider that with our all-water transporta- 

 tion from orchard to consumer and our 

 pre-cooling facilities in St. John there 

 may yet be many thousands of dollars 

 brought in here in exchange for New 

 Brunswick grown Duchess and Wealthy. 



Ribston Pippin grows to perfection in 

 the best apple sections, preferably top 

 worked on some other stock, and may 

 be worth growing extensively for the 

 export box trade. Bethel, a winter apple 

 of very fair quality and exceedingly at- 

 tractive appearance, is finding favor here 

 and may also prove useful for export. 

 For the local trade, in addition to the 

 varieties already mentioned, are the 

 Bishop Pippin and the Alexander. 



It will be seen that our best varieties 

 are essentially box apples. The adoption 



Sample of New Brunswick Apples. Notice the Yard Measure. 



A Prize-winning Plate of Monster Bishop Pippins, at the Apple Show held in St. John, N. B„ November, 1910 



Average Size Blue Pearman Apple in Front. 



T 



