8 A FIELD GUIDE IN NATURE-STUDY 



of strips of paper pinned across them. Do not run pins through the wings. 

 The rule adopted by collectors is to fasten the wings so that the hind margins 

 of the fore wings will make a straight line which is at right angles to the long 

 axis of the insect's body. After the insect has been on the spreading-board 

 and dried for several days it may be put into the insect box. While the 

 insect is on the board the board should be kept in a drawer or cupboard 

 away from mice and insect pests. 



What is an insect? Compare the dragon fly, squash bug, beetle, locust, 

 bumblebee, fly, and butterfly. These are all insects. What characteristics 

 have they in common? What, then, is an insect? How many of them 

 have a hard and slippery coat-of-mail ? Would such be particularly 

 serviceable ? 



Adaptation of mouth parts. Note the sharp sucking-tube of the squash 

 bug, the coiled sucking-tube of the butterfly. The latter may be unrolled 

 with a pin. How do these two insects feed ? Draw the head of the latter 

 insect to show its sucking-tube. Which of the insects mentioned above 

 have the biting mouth parts like those of the cricket ? 



Classification. -What characteristics have spiders and insects in com- 

 mon ? In what ways are they different ? How are the thousand-legs like 

 spiders and insects ? How different ? In what ways are the sow bugs like 

 the other forms studied ? 



Such differences and resemblances are the basis of the classification of 

 animals and plants. All the animals here studied belong to one group, the 

 subkingdom Arthropoda. What are the characteristics of the arthropod 

 type? 



The animal kingdom is divided into subkingdoms like the vertebrates, 

 molluscs, arthropods, etc. The latter group is subdivided into four classes. 

 What are they ? Give example of each. 



Classes are divided into orders. Fill in the following: 



The beetles belong to the order 



Butterflies and moths belong to the order 



Flies belong to the order 



Ants, bees, and wasps belong to the order 



Bugs belong to the order 



Crickets and grasshoppers belong to the order 



Dragon flies belong to the order 



