A STUDY OF AUTUMN WEEDS 21 



aa Plants in rosettes 



b Leaves densely hairy 



c Leaves large, flowers yellow on tall stalk Mullein 



cc Leaves small, flowers in pussy-foot clusters Everlasting 



bb Not densely hairy 



c Leaves long, a foot or more, and narrow; 

 fruit corky-winged, borne in great quantity 

 on an upright stalk Dock 



The species are shown by sketches of indi- 

 vidual fruits (Figs. $J-j) 



cc Leaves not so long, with conspicuous coarse 

 fibers that are tough and pull out like string 

 d Leaves half as "broad as long Plantain 



dd Leaves one-fourth as broad as long or less 



Ribwort or Buckthorn 



V. Weeds with prickles or thorns on the stem, leaves, or 

 fruit (for those that also have milky juice see I, p. 17) 

 a With prickles or thorns on fruit only 

 b Fruit a pod or capsule 



c Fruit egg-shaped, i inch or so long 



d Fruit green, blossom white, trumpet- 

 shaped Jimson Weed 

 dd Fruit purple, blossom purple, trumpet- 

 shaped Purple Thornapple 

 cc Fruit like a flat peapod, breaking into spiny 



segments Tick Treefoil 



bb Fruit a "bur" 



c Fruit as large as last joint of finger 



d Covered with strong spines, leaves three- 



lobed Clotbur (for species see Gray, p. 829) 



dd Covered with weak hooked spines, basal 



leaves heart-shaped Burdock 



cc Fruit as large as finger nail, flat, ovoid Hound's Tongue 



ccc Fruit small, ovoid, spiny Beggar's Lice 



bbb Fruit seedlike 



c Covered with long spines; a grass Sand Bur 



cc Spines only on one end (Fig. zk) Sticktights or Beggarticks 



aa With prickles on stem or leaves as well as on fruit 

 b Fruit spiny; yellow spines at base of lance- 

 shaped leaves Spiny Clotbur 

 bb Fruit (berry), leaves, and stem bear yellow 



spines Buffalo Bur 



