BIRD-STUDY 







XX Head light, or, if dark, with a white 



spot on each side Old Squaw 



OO Tail without long slender feathers 



X Animal all over uniform black or 

 dusky, except possibly some white 

 spots 

 Y No white spots anywhere 



a Unmottled; underwings, seen 



in flight, dark American Scoter 



aa Mottled; underwings, seen in 



flight, light Black Duck 



YY With white spots 



a White wing bar, male with 



white eyespot White-winged Scoter 



aa No white wing bar but two 

 white spots on each side of head 

 o Forehead low Surf Scoter 



oo Forehead high Harlequin Duck, female 



XX Animal not uniform black or dusky all 

 over 



Y Forward parts dark, contrasting 

 strongly with adjacent light parts 

 a Head and sometimes neck dark, 

 contrasting strongly with light 

 neck or breast 

 o Back light, bill broad and 



spoonlike Shoveller, mate 



oo Back dark 



x Bird nearly 3 ft. long. 



Flying in V-shaped flocks Canada Goose 



xx About 2 ft. or less in 

 length 



y White spots on head 

 z A white spot be- 

 hind eye Bufflehead 

 zz A white spot be- 

 low the eye Golden-eye, male 

 yy No white spots on 

 head 



2 Head black, feet 

 red; 26 in. long 



American Merganser, male 

 zz Head brown, feet 

 yellow or orange; 

 1 8 in. long Golden-eye, female 



