cial scale in Kansas was not the only difficulty faced by 

 the recreative plant. Kansas was long a center of anti- 

 smoking activity. 



There was nothing new about this opposition. The 

 social uses of tobacco in Europe were still novel when 

 they first came under attack by reformers. This antago- 

 nism had its earhest concerted expression in England 

 early in the 1600's. 



Such campaigns, thereafter, came in cycles. During a 

 recurrence of these attacks— and one which historians 

 have described as most intemperate— the sale or distribu- 

 tion of cigarettes was prohibited in Kansas. That was in 

 1909. 



Sales of cigarettes in the United States had risen from 

 about 2,640 million in 1900 to over 6 bilhon in 1909. 

 Smokers in Kansas made it openly clear that they were 

 unwilling to rehnquish cigarettes, a general attitude in 

 other areas where the right to use cigarettes was inter- 

 fered with. Defiance of the law was widespread in 

 Kansas. On pubHc thoroughfares, in clubs and homes, 

 there was daily evidence that smokers were having no 

 particular trouble in obtaining all the cigarettes they 

 liked. 



The immediate beneficiaries of the prohibitory legis- 

 lation of Kansas were dealers in the adjoining states of 

 Colorado, Missouri and elsewhere. Bootleggers of ciga- 

 rettes, who were charging 10 cents a package over the 

 average rate in other states, were encouraging mainte- 

 nance of the Kansas anti-cigarette statute. 



