RUBUS 



after one or two years, but some of them have uerba- 

 ceous tops. Most of them are more or less prickly. 

 Many of the species are creeping, decumbent or half- 

 climbing. Leaves simple or compound, alternate, the 

 compounding on the pinnate order and the leaflets 

 mostly 3 (several in some of the tropical and oriental 

 species). The flowers are mostly white or rose-colored, 

 usually in corymbs or racemes but sometimes solitary ; 

 calyx 5-parted, the lobes persistent; 

 petals 5, usually obovate; stamens 

 many, inserted on the calj'x-rim oi 

 toru-i rim ; pistils manv, clr.selv 

 packed on the torus, usually betoni 

 ing drupelet'* but sometimes dr\ 

 when ripe. The drupelets aie usu 

 ally more or less coheient at matur 

 ity, the collective body tormmg the 

 "fruit" or "berr>" of horticultur 

 )sts In the R isjiberiies. the co 



1579 



Sectk 



fls. di. 



Stamens 



n upright leafy 

 -berry or Bake- 

 ,'ious, and much 



juicy: 

 stalks: Ivs. 

 apple Berry 



prized for its ii-uiis, hric.nt;^ hn-r. 



Section 2. Cylactia. FN. |»-if.M't or polygamous, 



singly or several together at the ends of the shoots: 



Ivs. ternate or pediform (5-parted), or sometimes only 



AA. Shrubby species: flow- 

 ering shoots arising 

 from woody canes of 2 

 or more years' growth. 

 B. Plant spineless. 

 Section 3 Anoplobatus 

 {batiii IS Greek for 

 bramble) Upright 



slin'i'l. Mv„ ,11^ with 



71 I 



them 111 till 1>. \> 

 which also have 

 species, chiefly ti 

 Although the Fu 

 grown 111 '^^ ti 

 and thr I 

 from till 

 and friim I 



( liiseh allied to 

 _' Blackbeiries, 

 1 m indigenous 

 ml if. unisif, 

 X B ItheiK!, IS 

 istlv unieliable, 

 s are produced 



species, 1 1 1\ nil 1 i ■ 1, .u-.o produce t 

 of value 



A number of the species are useful as i 

 mental subjects, particularly the Rocky Mou) 

 -R. dehcwsus, the old-fash lom .1 Biiir Ki.se 

 roscefoltu-i), Wineberry ( A ' ) 



R. cratirgifolms. Fonts ^i t 



age, and sometimes foi its i / 



occasionally giown. Soiiu t i ii i | i 



mtivr spiiips ire offertd t\ ihilt-is m n 



jeit 



bun 



and 



ground 



iit> of must shrubbj Rubi dp 

 (in the removal of the canes aftei 

 mice After flowering, the cane beconirs 

 dii outright. It should be removed to tlu 

 lie meantime other ones have arisen from 

 these will bloom the following jear. That 

 IS, the stems of Rubi are usually more or less perfecth 

 biennial, the first year they make their growth in 

 stature; the second year they throw out side branches 

 on which the flowers are borne; after fruiting, the en 

 tire cane becomes weak or dies (Fig. 2191). Removing 

 these canes not only contributes to conserve the vigor 

 of the plant, but it also adds to its appearance of tidi- 

 ness. These remarks apply with particular force to the 

 cultivation of Raspberries, Blackberries and Dewberries. 

 For other accounts of Rubi, see Blackberry, Dewberry, 

 Loga u berrif , J?a spberry . 



Pocke (Engler & Prantl, "Die Naturlichen Pflanzen- 

 familien") divides the genus Rubus into 11 sections, 

 seven of which are concerned with the species to be 

 described in this work. These seven are as follows: 

 A. Herbaceous species: flowering shoots arising from 



the crown of the plant. 

 Section Iff. Dalibarda. Stamens about 5: fr. scarcely 

 juicy: fls. perfect, on creeping leafy stems: Ivs. 

 simple, not lobed. The present writer prefers to con- 

 sider Dalibarda as a distinct genus, and it is so treated 

 on p. 453 of this work. 



hiai kin I lU s) 



SEfTiON 4 Batothamnus. I'pnght shrubs, with 

 simple 01 temate hs , sm.iU leaflets and dioop- 

 ing fls. in mostlj short clusteis. 



Section 5 Idseobatus. Raspberries, with the co- 

 herent drupelets separating trom the torus 



Section 6 Eubatus. Blackberries and Dewberries, 



large, globular, red ur vill,.\vi-li. 

 composed of few soft drupelets, edible. Enfii. ly a.-iu-s 

 the continent in high northern regions, nml n luhiiii.' iis 

 far south, in the East, as the high land of Maine and N. 

 H. ; also in Eu. and Asia. -The Cloudberry is an inhabi- 

 tant of peat bogs. It grows within the arctic zone. It is 

 much prized for its fruit, which is gathered from the wild 

 in large quantities. It is sometimes planted farther south 

 as a rock garden plant, i?. arcticiis, Linn., a pink-fid. 

 species with trifoliolate Ivs., occurs in nearly the same 

 range, and produces small edible berries. This species 

 belongs to Section 2. 



Section 2. Cylactis. 



2. triildrus, Rich. {B, AmericSmus, Britt.). Stems 



slender and trailing, 1-2 ft. long, herbaceous, without 



