1670 



SILPHIUM 



BE. Stem-lvs. large. 

 c. Lvs. connate-perfoliale. 

 perioli&tuin, Linn. Cup Plant. Stem square, iisually 

 dentate, branched above, about 6 ft. high: lvs. thin, 

 ovate or deltoid-ovate, the lower contracted into mar- 

 gined petioles, the upper opposite, connate-perfoliate : 

 fl. -heads 2-3 in. across, with 20-30 rays. .July, Aug. 

 Western prairies. B.B. 3:406. 



2329. Silene VIreinica (X %). (Soo page leCil.) 



cc. lyvs. petioled or simply sessile. 



inteKrifdlium, Michx. Stem 2-6 ft., obtusely 4-angIed 

 to terete: lvs. lanceolate-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, oppo- 

 site: fl. -heads 1-2 in. across, with 15-25 rays. Aug., Sept. 

 Western prairies. B.B. 3:407. p. w. Bakclay. 



SILVEK BELL TREE, Ralesia. S. Bush, Anthi/llis 

 Barlm Juris. S. Tree, l.iucadendron ; a.\so Ehragiiiis. 

 B. Weed, J'otrntilhi <n,s,rina. 



SILYBUM Mariinum, Gaertn., Blessed or Holy 

 Thistle, is sometimes grown in old European gardens 

 for ornament, and also for the edible heads, roots and 

 leaves. It is a large fid. thistle 2-4 ft., perennial. S. 

 Europe. Known also as Carduus Marianus, Linn. 



81MM6NDSIA (named for the naturalist, V. W. Sim- 

 monds). Enplwrbictcecp. A monotypic genus differing 

 from Buxus in the numerous stamens and one-seeded 

 carpels: dicecious: rudiment of pistil absent from the 

 staminate fls. 



Califdrnica, Nutt. A much-branched shrub with small, 

 sessile, entire, coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate lvs.: stami- 

 nate fls. clustered and the much larger pistillate fls. 

 single in the axils. Dry sand hills of southwestern U. S. 

 -Sometimes cult, for the oil of the seeds, used as a hair 

 tonic. Cult, in S. Calif. j. b. S. Norton. 



SIKPLEE'S JOT. See rerhena. 



BINAFIS. Included under Brassica. 



SISYKINCUIDM 



SINNlNGIA (after Wilhelm Sinning, gardener at the 

 University of Bonn). Including Kosanowia. Gesner- 

 ice<e. A genus of about IB species of Brazilian tuberous 

 herbs. The generic characters of Sinningia are: pubes- 

 cent or villous herbs from a tuberous rhizome: lvs. op- 

 posite, usually large, petioled, the floral ones reduced 

 to bracts: fls. usually large, solitary or fascicled, in the 

 axils, pediceled; calyx tuli.' ^ll..l•ll^ ;ind broadly turbi- 

 nate, adnate, 5-angb'l "i "i uinij.M, the limb foliaceous, 

 broadly 5-cleft or ].:iit.,|; .■,ir..ila imI)i' nearly equal at 

 the base or the postiTiiir l-iIiIicik. Ii.ng or broadly cylin- 

 drical, the upper part swollen or bell-shaped; lobes 5, 

 spreading, or the 2 posterior smaller; stamens included, 

 attached to the tube of the corolla; anthers broad, the 

 cells confluent at the apex: glands of the disk 5, dis- 

 tinct, or the 2 posterior more crowded together or con- 

 nate: ovary half inferior; style dilated at the tip: 

 stigma concave, entire or slightly 2-lobed. The genus 

 includes the florists' (5loxinia, which is properly Sin- 

 niiigia speeinsii. Hiern., but which is treated in this 

 book under Gloxinia. Other than this species, the Sin- 

 ningias are little known horticulturally. Culture as for 

 Gloxinia. 



conspicua, Benth. & Hook. (lioxandn-ia cnnspiciia, 

 Kegel). Root tuberous: st.ni I 11. Iii-h: lvs. ..Viile- 

 oblong, short-acuniinatr, s(.iri(.\vli:it Iumi r sli;i|.iil :,t tlie 

 base and dentate: tis. viUmw, pjilt r mi the oiii>i.!(., 

 marked on the lower purt of tin- tub.- with iMiipli- .li.ts 

 and lines; calyx-tube entirely united with the ovary, 

 equally 5-parted, the segments lanceolate, spreading; 

 corolla-tube obliquely and narrowly campanulate, swol- 

 len and recurved at the base; glands of the disk 2: cap- 

 sule I-celled: seeds many. 



ornita, Benth. & Hook. (Bosandtvia orndta. Van 

 Houtte). A hybrid of the above species with a garden 

 variety of Gloxinia with flowers of a bright red ; the re- 

 sult is a plant resembhng ^>'. conspicua, biit differing in 

 having the leaves tinted on the veins ami jn-tiolcs \\ifli 

 purple and in having a somewhat more il.-;iritiy sli,i|.((l 

 flower, pure white with purple lines on tiir .mt.-i<li. u{ 

 the corolla-tube and the inside of a y.llou i.sli gncii, 

 lined with purple. F.S. 23:2423. 



Rosandwia Hansteini. Hort. John Saul, is apparently not 

 known to botanists. F. W. Barclay. 



SIPHOCAMPYLUS (siphon, tube, and kamptjlos, 

 curved ; referring to corolla). L'lbelidcccr. About 

 100 tropical American herbs and shrubs, with long, 

 showy tubular fls., red, orange or purplish in color and 

 borne singly on long peduncles: bracts absent or rarely 

 2 very small ones. About 10 kinds are cultivated in 

 European warmhouses, and propagated by cuttings. 

 Allied genera are discriminated under Isotoma. 



betulsef alius, G. Don. Height 2-3 ft.: stem woody at 

 base: branches rounded : lvs. alternate, petiolate, 3-4 in. 

 long, cordate, acuminate, doubly serrate, nearly gla- 

 brous: peduncles 1-fld., as long as the lvs., thickened 

 upwards: calyx-segments long awl-shaped, with a few 

 notches; corolla 2'/i-'i in. long, tube vermilion, lirab 

 yellow. Brazil. B.M. 3973. -Tender perennial, not 

 cult, in America, but interesting as one supposed par- 

 ent of Centropogon Lncyanus ; itself of little value. 

 W. M. 



SIPHONANTHUS. See Clerodendron Siphonanthus. 



SISSOO TREE. Dalbergia Sissoo. 



SISYRlNCHIUM (an old Greek name first applied to 

 some other plant). Irid&cece. Satin Flower. Blue- 

 eyed Grass. Rush Lily. About 60 species of American 

 perennials, usually with fibrous roots, grass-like, nar- 

 row or terete lvs. and simple or branched stems often 

 flattened and winged, bearing clusters of usually blue 

 or yellow fls. subtended by two spathes: perianth 

 nearly flat or bell-shaped; segments 6, nearly equal, 

 obovate or oblong; stamens inserted on the base of the 

 perianth; filaments more or less connate: ovary sub- 

 globose to turbinate, 3-loculed, 3-valved. The species 

 are of easy culture in any good garden soil. Useful in 

 the wild border, where hardy. 



