1692 



SOUTH DAKOTA 



SOUTHERNWOOD 



river valleys considerable fruit is grown as far north 

 as the Minnesota line. North of this the orchards are 

 few and far between, the country being: new and grain- 

 raising, stock-raising and dairying affording more prof- 

 itable sources of income. 



In making up a list of apples for planting throughout 

 the state, it will be a safe rule not to plant any vnrifty 

 less hardy than Oldenburg and Wi'Mlfliy, <^-^|H-.M:t!K- if 

 the planter desires along-lived, fiintiM! ..i-IiuJ : ... i 

 cannot afford to experiment. Thf .^i .'. II . .1 

 Society recommends the following 1. i ; i 

 cultivation in all of the twelve Irmi di-in.;. i, 

 Oldenburg, Hibernal, Charlanioff, Wealthy. 



The largest orchard in the state is in Turner county, 

 consisting of 7,000 trees on about 132 acres. This o'r- 

 c1kii-(1 was lilantfd in the early seventies and still yields 



-■ winter of 1SU8-9U 

 -killing " winter by 

 states. Effnrt.sare 



tost., as everything below ground should be Siberi.in. 

 (See Hull. 65 of S. D. E.\p. Sta., and Am. Pom. Soc. 

 Report, 1899, p. 143.) 



(,)f plums, only those of the .\merieaiia tvpe, such as 

 DeSoto, Wyant, Wolf, Fore>t liar.lrii, K.illi'ngstoue and 

 Hawkeye, are of any value f.n- t.'in,ial eultivatiou. 

 However, in the southern tier i,f iniie-, already men- 

 tioned the Miner does well aiid N inn. I, -mwn. Prunim 

 AiniiiriiiKi is indigenous tlirnni;li.,ni tin- slate. Many 



innl'.'il'ly supersede 



' jirairie settlers, and tin 

 • varieties named above, 

 nnesota and Wisconsin. 

 ry profitable and the ;; 

 ■reasing. The main troi 

 ider stocks upon wliieh t 



anaged are 

 M them is 

 < been the 

 ; liave been 

 , Southern 

 all winter- 



1899-1900. The wild fruits are 

 le whenever possible, but the 

 -1 ui^on ]uire seleetiun, acting 



iiamly 



the 



i.ii'li. - Ml the Russian sorts v, i !i lin 1 n^ keeping 

 capacity ot the best American winter varieties. Several 

 Siberian fruits have also been taken in hand. These 

 were picked up by the writer in 1897-98 when sent on a 

 ten months' tour of exploration in eastern Europe and 

 western and central Asia by [' . s. n- . n lun ..f Agri- 

 culture Hon. James Wilson. ']']•■ i I . i .iiure in 

 March, 1901, granted an appr.i|.ii . , ... no for a 

 "plant-breeding building," for iin|.t .. . . .i i:i iinns in the 

 breeding of horticultural and af;n.uiiural |>l.iuts. 



Of conifers, the hemlock, white pine, balsam fir, 

 arborvitie and Norway spruce fail on the open prairie, 

 while Jack pine, hull pine, .'Scotch pine, northern red 



- iii-ii.'i. :.i: .i.i M ..:i in mi., i, , . \ i ., . ~ , i )■, . . I ii .[,-■,,, i.,ns trees, 

 ^' I. • •■ .:-i-, black 



recognize the fact that species covering a wide geo- 

 graphical range vary greatly in hardiness and that the 

 local indigenous form should be planted when possi- 



Floriculture is still in its infancy, there being very 

 few greenhouses in the state. The rich soil makes it 

 easy to raise large crops of vegetables, but so far the 

 trucking interests have assumed no importance, ex- 

 cept near the larger towns. Agriculture has been exten- 

 sive, rather than intensive. In a state yielding heavy 

 crops of wheat and other cereals, with a soil so rich 

 that commercial fertilizers are not thought of and barn- 

 yard manure so little considered that many farmers 

 prefer to move their barns rather than their manure 

 heaps, and with the burning of straw a common prac- 

 tice, the hoe is rarely seen; gang alul sulky plows, self- 

 bind. 'i'^ ,.in.l il.lii... .i.lilv ;ii.,is ;,|... (In- ni..ii- favored 



P"l"il..' I : 'iL-. HI ni. il,...i-. Eastern 



The list of hardy trees and 

 longer were it not for the fact i 

 often comes when the ground i 

 The State Agricultural t'..l 

 flourishing insiii ni i..n. ih.- ; 

 aliout five liun.ln.l. Tli.. It 

 Station is in (•..nn.-.'l n.n vnll: 



iment 

 busy 

 mers' 



ill I I . ... I •,:...: liiili..ii..,sothat 



: I ' .1 1. .i li..ni time to 



_-ii..ulinr..l in. -- ..f Hi. -liil... The twelfth 



iiiK was held at Sioux Falls, .lanuary 22-24, 



limate is very salubrious, and many people 

 din poor health in warmer and moister 

 lections fiu.l relief here. n. E. Hansen. 



SOUTHERNWOOD {Arfetni.iia Ahrotamim,-whiah see 



or lioiiini.iil a...-. .lint I is a European herb. 



1901. 



Th 



suttV 



•) "for its pie 



family 

 e often 

 readily 



