1694 



SPAKAXIS 



more long, usually yellow or purple, and larger anthers. 

 B.M. 779 Ifls. primrose inside, flamed purple outside). 

 B.R. 3:2.58 (fls. white inside, midyeiu on the back 

 purple). B.M. 541 (Iria griindiflora. Fls. rich purple, 

 margined lighter).— According to Baker, the principal 

 named forms are: atropurpurea, 

 dark purple ; anemonaefldra, 

 pale yellow ; Lili^go, white, 

 flushed with claret-purple out- 

 side; and stelliris, dark purple, 

 the segments narrower than the 

 type, oblanceolate and acute 

 rather than oblong. 



tricolor, Ker Fig 2358 Dif 

 ftrs from >S (/ntndiflota only 

 in the culjr of the flowers, 

 which ar \ n X 1 1 M 1 ut al 

 wijb h n I I I t \ II tluoat 

 md oft. 11 I I I 1 I I the 



Iti.ituiih lJ^^ the „n itest va 

 nety of colors and markings 

 In the works cited the floral 

 segments range from nearly 

 white through rose, brick red, 

 carmine, crimson and light pur- 

 ple to dark purple, excluding 

 blue and yellow, which latter 

 color usually appears in the 

 throat. -nr. Jf. 



SPARGANIUM (Greek, filh-f; 

 referring to the ribbon-like Ivs. ) 

 TyphAceae. Bur-keed. Bur- 

 reeds are marsh herbs closely 

 allied to cat-tails but with fls. 

 in globular heads instead of ob- 

 {,<|,,',). long spikes. Three hardy per- 



ennial kinds are advertised by 

 collectors of native plants and one or two are procurable 

 from specialists in aquatics. Bur-reeds are desirable 

 only in bog gardens or in wild gardening operations. 

 The beauty of these plants often lies in each species 

 being massed alone, as well as in the mixing with other 

 plants. 



Spflr"MT(iHTn^ Iirivf cref'jiinu'" rootstocks and fibrous 

 ro..t^. v,,i,i, ,1.. iK.^.rniL' |.l:ints. Stems branched or 

 iiui : !\ ; I . , I : . I I iM , vl I, Hilling at the base: fls. 



iii'iiiM r I-. , :. 1m ;mN. tin- staniinate uppermost: 



fr. K.--1I. 1 I" .iiHii 1. ii. iiic.sily 1-loculed and nut-like. 



A. Inflorescence itnbranched. 

 simplex, lluils. Stems weak and slender, lK-2 ft. 

 high, uiibiiiiii-bed: Ivs. more or less triquetrous : stanii- 

 nate beads 4-(l: pistillate 2-6, .5-8 lines in diani. : fr. 

 stalked. June-Aug. N. Amer. B.B. 1:64. 



AA. Inflorescence branched. 

 B. Meight S-S ft. 

 euryoftrpum, Engelni. Stems stout, 3-8 ft. high, 

 branching: Ivs. linear, flat, slightly keeled beneath: 

 staminate heads numerous, pistillate 2-4 on a stem or 

 branch. 10-10 lines in diam. : fr. sessile. Mav-Aug. 

 N. Amer. B.B. 1:6:!. 



BB. Heidht 2-3 ft. 

 ramosum, Curt, r.vs. flat: heads 5-0, disposed in ax- 



illary :n, 



.late lii;i 

 particul: 



iipted spikes, the lowest one 

 hers wholly staminate: pistil- 

 iam. July. Southern U. S., 

 '"gs. w. M. 



SPARMANNIA (after Andreas Sparmann, who visited 

 the Cape with Thunberg). Tilii'icew. About 5 species 

 of African shrubs or trees with cordate, dentate or 

 lobed leaves and white flowers in lerminal, umbelliforni 

 cymes: sejials 4; petals 4, naked at the base; .stamens 



several, fr 



staminodia 



S. A frirn 



peraturc n. 



•ing 



the 



II -m1.- globose or ovoid, spiny. 

 [I . I n-atinent under glass in a lem- 

 , ■ 1 iliaii ;;j°, with plenty of air and 

 arc benefited by being plunged in the 

 g.ird.ri iliiiiiiLj III.' summer and syringed during dry 

 w.athrr. riant ^ vhnuld be potted early in spring. The 

 tips cf y.niiiL: shoots root readily with 60° of heat. 

 A. Lvs. deeply 5~7-lohed. 

 palmAta, E. Mey. A slender shrub much smaller in 

 all its parts than S. Africana: branches half herba- 

 ceous: lvs. on long petioles, the lobes Ions ar-iiiiiinate. 

 incisely sinuate and unequally tootli.-,]. i.roniiii.iitly .VT- 

 nerved below: fls. white or (.niplisli. di n-, 1\ arrantrcd 

 on the subterminal pedunchs: ra|.-ul.' 1 iall,.l. Cult. 

 in S. Calif. 



AA. I/vs. not lobed. 

 Africina, Linn. A large shrub or tree, 10-20 ft. high : 

 lvs. cordate-acuminate, 5-7-angled, unequally toothed, 

 5-6 in. long, 7-9-ribbed below: fls. white, on long, many- 

 fld. peduncles: capsule 5-celled. B.M.516. G.M. 37:23:!. 

 B.H. 18.58, p. 105. «n. 45:967.-A useful greenhouse 

 plant. Var. Uore pleno is also grown. G.C. II. 19:477. 

 P. W. Barclay. 

 Sparmannia Africana is not common in S. California, 

 but is highly esteemed. One in Singleton Court, 25 

 years old, is 12 ft. high and 10 ft. through, and consists 

 of about fifty trunks %-i inches in diameter. It was in 

 full bloom in January and February and one of the fin- 

 est sights imaginable. It was literally covered with 

 snowballs of 4 inches diameter, and admired by num- 

 bers of people. The blooms were so heavy that the ends 

 of iIh- l.raii.h. s loii.'hed the ground, necessitating se- 

 vir.' |ii iMiiiiL' as soon as blooms were past beauty. No 

 vilannnni, liMhani;ca or Other shrub can compare with 



ers, the l.'a\ ' !■! i.r 1 ■ . 1 ' i-^ a- , , ' : n .i ]i. ,, . . •■ iih 



those of tin- I'll I ,,'■,,., I . I . ,,i' 



broad leaxcs an.l a...;, ■ , i, ; an , 1 



This isono ot ll.ollu. ,l V.I.IU llo..vra,l sh.ula, ,„■ u.as 



in cultivation. The double variety is nut as desirable 

 as the single. Eknest Bral'nton. 



SPARROW-GRASS. Provincialism for Asparagus. 



SPARTlNA (Greek, spartine, a cord ; on 

 the tough leaves). Oraminete. Species 7. Perennial 

 marsh plants of various parts of the world, most or all 

 of which are found in the United States. Culms rigid 

 and reed-like: lvs. coarse and rough, usually becoming 

 rolled inwards: spikelets 1-fld., in rows on two sides of 

 the triangular rachis; spikes 2-several in a raceme. 



cynosuroldes, WilM. Fkksh-wm-ei! ( 'okii-.ikass. In 



till- West klaivMl as "Slou-li-rass," A ronnil. ill coarse 

 fresli-wal.a- marsh i;rass, o.aan riii- anoss tli,- c.Mltinent 

 in tlic iLirtbriii stalls. Ki-roii,iuiiiil,.l for cultivation 

 along the margins of ponds ai 

 curable from collectors. 



ial lakes. Pro- 

 i. Hitchcock. 



SPARTITIM (Gr« 

 plant). Syu., Spii il 

 shrub, with long an. 

 sparse foliage, an.l 



]-li|i|.i li ial\\: lvs. ^ini|.li-: fls. in terminal, loose ra- 

 ccnn - ; ial\\ s[.lii a t.o\ i . licnce 1-lipped, tip with 5 mi- 

 niit.' iiiili; kill inriirvi.l, acuminate: pod linear, com- 

 pressed, niany-seede.l; seeds with callose appendage at 

 the base like in Genista. The slender branches yield 



