1750 



STYRAX 



oc. Pedicels %-l in. long, ylaliroii.s. 

 Jap6nica, Sieb. & Zucc. Fig. 2439. Shrub or small 

 tree, becoming 30 ft. high, with slender spreading 

 branches: young hranchlets and Irs. with stellate pu- 

 bescence, which soon disappears : Ivs. broadly elliptic to 

 elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, often acuminate, 

 crenately serrulate, pilulirnus. l-i; in. loiitr: fls. pf-ndn- 

 lous, in 3-6-fld. (ihil.rous r:.r.i„,.v: ,-,,r"ll:i ahmit '. in. 



long.withslightly S|>ri.;i.lill^'.rlll|.lir, l,,nirntlll..^r ].f.l:Lls ; 



iially 



;. (it. 17;jS3. B.M. 

 ':i9:229, 230. 

 i\ to S. Japonica: Ivs. 

 U and calyx. Malay 



SUCCORY. 



for Ch 



Alfred Rehder. 



SUCCULENTS are desert plants that live on a min 

 mum of moisture. Kitchen vegetables are said to 1 

 "succulent" when they are tender, sappy, full of juic 

 — as lettuce or cucumbers. In ornamental gardenir 

 "Succulents" are such tough and dry plants as cac 

 and century plants. The cacti are typical Succulent 

 as they represent a liotjuilial iMinily crciifi-d by ni^i 



of desert life. Kv.'li in ll-^^.■|■ ,iii.l fruit th.- cacti ill 



much removed from "ihcr hMianical i■alllilic^. ami 

 the structure of tlnir vci;cial.lc [.aris tlicy an- liiijh 

 specialized to accord with desert conditions. Near 

 cacti, botanically, are supposed to be the ficoidese, ( 

 which the large genus Mosembryanthemum is most in 

 portant. The family Crassulacefe cont 

 or succulent plants, tbe m<"^t imjioctan 

 are mentioned under ( ',,, .»/,/ i iiImc i 



ly fleshy 



appearance and liain ' i ^ i iiiiil\ . i. ;;. . 



Agave and Aloe; lie- - j.ii' ■-. I'.i i : i ! . c :• , , I jipln.rliia ; 

 the milkweed faniil> , c -., Siai.dia ; i!,c imr-laiic 

 family, e. g., Portiilaca, ami anionic cniicisifi-^ ccrlaiii 

 species of Senecio, Kli inia and llcriia. Iviiiiipl. i'^ l>ic 

 Sukkulenten, Berlin, Is'.IJ, is an illustrated l.i.ui; uf liii:! 

 pages covering the above ground, mostly from the bo- 

 tanical side. Nearly all the good cultural books on cacti 

 notice the succulent plants of other families. In this 

 work consult Cacti and the various genera indicated 

 above. See also special books published in Europe. 

 There is no sjiecial American book literature, ^x. M. 



SUGAR APPLE. Anona squamosa. 



SUGAR BERRY. CUis ocritlentalis. 



SUGAR BUSH. In some English books this name 

 refers to Pnttr,: mi'llif, i;i , a plant not cult, in America. 

 In the U. S., Sugar Hush, or Sugar Orchard, refers to 

 a grove of sugar maples. 



SUGAR CANE. Sec Sarcl,ai;i„i. 



SUESD6RFIA vlolicea, Cras, ami Sulliviintia Ore- 

 gAna, S. Watson, arc Iwo small |.e,ciii,ial herbs of the 

 saxifrage family iiaiive to i In- c.iliimliia river re^'i.ui. 

 They were once otl'ered l.y \sesicrii c,,ll,-ct..rs but are 

 not known to be in cullivaliiuj. 'I'luv are fully described 

 in Proc. Am. Acad. Arts. Sei.. the former in 1.5:41. the 

 latter 14:292. 



SUMACH. See Jihxs. 



SUNDEW. Pmsera. 



SWAIXSONA 



grown fur ornament, and the seeds (fruits) are also 

 uscil as poultry food. Sunflower oil, produced in Rus- 

 sia, is used in salads. See Bull. 60, Div. of Chemi.stry, 

 U. S. Dept. of Agric, by Harvey W.Wiley, on "The Sun- 

 flower Plant, its Cultivation, Composition and Uses," 1901. 



SUN ROSE, neiianlhemnm. 



SURINAM CHERRY. Eugenia Michelii. 



SUTHERLANDIA (.Tames Sutherland, one of the 



earliest su|Miiiiieiidents of the Edinburgh Botanic Gar- 

 dens, aiitlicir "f 'Ilurtus .■\Ie,licus K.liuburgensis," 1083). 



Le(JiliinH..S'r. Siilln'rl.nnl>:l frnl,.r,,ix. the BLADDER 



Senna ef llie ('a|ic, miciit he ron -lily described as a red- 

 Hiiwcrcii Swain-oiia. It is a tender shrub said to grow 



; II. Ill I. i^ HI South Africa. Each leaf is com- 



i . I II , 11 pairs of leaflets and an odd one. 



it va- 



pea- 



lons-. witti rcHexpfi sides; 



amiard. ami tlic wings are 



All inie,e-i,,,- fei'itureof 

 like pud, which sometimes 



Siiilicrlandia is very imperfectly nnder- 

 aie at most 5 species, or «S'. frtdescens may 

 he only one. Generic characters: fls. as 

 ve; calyx campanulate, 5-toothed; stamens 

 ry stalked, nianyovuled; style bearded: 

 'ded, indehiscent: seeds reniform. 

 e S. fn<trx,-riis mils into two forms. The 

 li-a! i.ii.i 111- til.- leaflets irialirous above, 

 I I'l ' -I ■ ■■ - 'i ■'. tliey are sil- 



iic 111,. , !.: I ; ill ;. . . I ...,.,. wl.i.'h is gener- 



ally 1 1 ■ .III il :i II II .1 .iliiiiii. I If Sutherlandias 

 are 1^1 |.i I.I I . 1.1 Hi a mecnii.juse the plants 



bf im « I .1 .1 ami lose some of their 



fuliaije. y.ii.i ,..i. ,1 1 i.ii-liv s],ecimens are pre- 



ferre.l.i irl^ \ I . .rm >■• 1 1 1, l.u-er red tls. (var. ffrajirfi- 

 fl<'ni ), winch in France at least does not flower until the 



s nd year. (3) A white-fld. form,which is probably one 



of two .liiVerent things cultivated under the name of S. 

 linrii, 111,^1, 1 , but which is here called S. fnifesceiis, var. 



Siiilierlaiidias are highly esteemed by French connois- 

 seurs, I li,.y are propagated by seeds and are said to be 

 readily raised by Cuttings. Seeds of the typical form are 

 sown ill March or April under glass and the plants bloom 

 the same summer for several months. They seem to be 

 iisually kept in pots for the decoration of verandas, 

 terraces, etc., but could probably be grown in the open 

 border during summer. The seeds of var. grandifloru 

 are generally sown in .lune or July, and the plants 

 wintered in a greenhouse. They bloom toward the end 

 of May. which is earlier than 'the typical forms. For 

 winter treatment, the French advise very moderate water- 

 ing and as much air and light as possible. lu America 

 the Sutherlandias seem to be known only in California, 

 though an eastern dealer has recently offered one under 

 the name of "Scarlet Bush." The var. tiraiidi flora is 

 worthy of trial by northern florists. Flora Capensis 

 2:212. The species is hardy at San Francisco. 



frut^scens, R. Br. Bladder Senna of the Cape. 

 Tender South African red-fld. shrub described above. 

 Harvey calls the typical form var. communis; it has 

 Ifts, glabrous above, elliptical or oblong: ovaries and 

 ,iods -lal.roiis. B.M. 181 (as Colulen fruteseevs). R.H. 

 is;it;. II, jno. Var. tomentdsa, Harv. Lfts. shorter and 

 broader, obovate or obcordate, silvery white on both 

 sides: ovaries and pods hispid. Var. grandifldra, Hort. 

 (S. floribilnda, Carr., not Vilm.), has large red fls. and 

 does not bloom until the second year. R.H. 1871:610. 

 Var. Alba (S. florll»hida,Ynm., not Carr.) has white fls. 

 Ernest Braunton. of Los Angeles, received in 1900 a plant 

 called S. spectabilis, of which little is known, w. M, 



SUWAREO. Cereus giganUus. 



SWAINSdNA (Isaac Swainson, an English horti- 

 culturist of the latter part of the eighteenth century). 

 Often spelled Sirainsoniti. Leguniindsir. About 25 



