ELTJIUS ^ 



fiLYMUS (Greek, rolled up or enveloped). Gra- 

 minete. Lyme Grass. Wild Rye. Erect perennial 

 grasses, ivith fl.at oreouYolute Ivs. and elosely-fld. termi- 

 nal spikes: spikelets 2-G-fld., often long-awned, the up- 

 permost imperfect, sessile, in pairs (rarely inS's or 4's), 

 at the alternate notches of the continuous or articulate 

 rachis, forming terminal spikes; empty glumes acute 

 or awn-pointed, persistent and subtending the fls. 

 like an involucre. Species about 20, in the temperate 

 regions of Eu., Asia and N. Amer. For £. Etjstrix, see 

 AspefeUa. 



arenirius, Linn. Se\ Lyme Gkass Stout coarse 

 perennial, 2-8 ft. high, with strong creeping rootstocks 

 Its. long, rigid, smooth spikes dense terminal (>-l' in 

 long; spikelets about 1 m long and S-t fll — One f thi 

 best grasses known for binding the li ttini, u 1 f 

 our Atlantic and Pacific coasts especnlh when m 

 bined with Beach Grass (see^m»i07)Ai?a «rt» ? i) The 

 seed is also used by the Digger Indians for food 



Canadensis, Linn. Caxada Lyme Grass Terrel 

 Grass. Rather stout smooth perenni il 3 ft 1 igh 

 with broad, flat Ivs. 6-12 m long spikes 4-9 in Irng 

 exserted, nodding ; spikelets very rigid, 3-5 fld fl 

 glumes long-awned. Com 

 mon in low thickets and 

 along streams in rich, open 

 woods throughout the 

 country. — Cult, as an 

 ornamental plant. ^ ar 

 glauciJolius, Gray (E 

 glaiicifdiins, Hort.), is 

 pale and glaucous through 

 out, with usually more 

 slender awns. Cult, as an 

 ornamental grass. 



condensitiis,Presl. Giant 

 Rye Grass. The large t 

 of the native Rve Grasses 



tufts, stout : spikes 8 m 

 to IK ft. long, very ran 

 able, compact or inter 

 rupted, bearing branching 

 clusters of spikelets at 

 each .ioint. Common lu 

 the Rocky mountain re 

 gions and the Pacific slope. 

 —Useful for binding the 

 loose sands on railway 

 banks. Cult, as an orna- 

 mental grass. 



glatlcus, Regel. A glau 

 cous-leaved, dense, cespi 

 tose, hardy perennial grass 

 3-4 ft. high, with very 

 short, smooth Ivs. and 

 erect, elongated spikes 

 spikelets in 2's, erect, 

 usually 5-fld., densely vil- 

 lous - pubescent, short 

 awned. Turkestan. — Rare 

 ly in cult, as an omamen 

 tal grass, p. b. Kennedy. 



EMILIA (perhaps a per- 

 sonal name). Compdsitce. 

 Herbs, perennial or an- 

 nual : related to Senecio, i, fi-r^r^fii^ifiTi.". 

 but always without rays: '^^'- 



heads rather small, the in- ygi. Emilia flammea 



volucre very simple and Separate head X %. 



cup-shaped, with no small 



outer scales: akenes with 5 acute ciliate angles : florets 

 all perfect. A dozen or more species have been de- 

 scribed from Africa, tropical Asia and Polynesia. One 

 species in common cult. 



flimmea, Cass. iE. sar/ittAta, DC. E. sonchiftlia, 

 Hort., not DC. E. sonchifolia, Linn., var. sagittMa, 

 Clarke. Cnc&Ua coecinea, Sims, B.M. 564. C. son- 

 chifdlia, Hort., not Linn. C. sagittita, Vahl. Se- 



EXCEPHALARTOS 



529 



,r ^J, 



Flower. Flora's 

 lual, erect, 1-2 ft., 

 stt'ius terminated 

 V .How in the form 



n^cio sagitttltus, Hoffm.). Tasse 

 Paint Brush. Fi^-. T'.l. A n.at 

 glabrous or spar^i ly ]i;iiT-\ , Tlir I. 

 by clusters of siii:ill -.■.nl. t i-^M. 

 called CacAlia IhI.„. II. nt.) li.;,.N 



ovate-lanceolate, tla.-,|.iiig tliu ^tc-.. ., 



dentate: involucre scales much shorter than the florets. 

 E. Ind., Philippines.— This much-named annual is one 

 of the commonest garden flowers. It is of the easiest 

 culture in any good soil. Blooms from July until frost, 

 if sown as soon as weather is settled. 



E. purpurea, Cass. (E. sonehifoha, DC, not Hort. Cactilia 

 soncMfclia, Linn. Senecio sonchifolia, Moench). Radical Ivs. 

 often more or less lyrate, stem Ivs. broader and clasping, the 

 he.ids fewer in the cluster and the involucre scales nearly as 

 long as the florets. Apparently not in cult, in this country. 

 L. H. B. 



ENCfiLIA (meaning obscure). Compdsitte. About 20 

 species of American herbs, chiefly western, often woody 

 at base. The following was introduced by Franceschi, 

 Santa Barbara, Calif., and has fls. 2K in. across, with 

 yellow rays and a black disk. Has probably never been 

 tried in the East. 



Califfirnica, Nutt. Woody at base, 2-i ft. high, 

 strong-scented, rather hoary, or becoming green : Ivs. 

 1-2 in. long, ovate to broadly lanceolate, usually entire, 

 indistinctly 3-ribbed from the base, abruptly stalked: 

 rays numerous, 2-4-toothed : seeds obovate, with long, 

 silky hairs on the callous margins and a shallow notch 

 at the tip. 



EMMENANTHE (Greek, enduring floiver; the per- 

 sistent corollas retain their shape when dry like ever- 

 lasting flowers) HydtophijUAceoe Half a dozen an- 

 nual herbs from western North Ameiica, of which the 

 most interesting spe< les wis introduced to cultivition 

 in 1892, under the name of Calif nm\\ ellow oi Golden 

 Bells It grows 9-12 in ln„'h, lormiiig bush\ plants, 

 each branch lo ided with bro idh bell sh iped pendulous, 

 unwitherin^ flowtrs about half an inch long, of creamy 

 yellow The geneial effect of a branch suggests the 

 hlv of the Tillei, but the f diage is pmnatihd The 

 lasting char k ter of the fl distinguished the genus from 

 Its allies the ne irest ot an^ tr ii leu mIu, lime Pha- 

 ceha CondKlibesT stamens I he spe- 



cies named below belongs t tuns, 



with cahx 1 .bes l>roidi i d lwll^ i itted 



seids All the others have thi I i I In up- 



wards and the seeds more or less « rmkled ti ins\ ersely. 



pendulifldra, Benth California Yellow or 

 (t )lden Bells Somewhat sticky, with long or short, 

 s ft hairs, hs. pmnatifid, lobes numerous, short, 

 somewhat toothed or sharply cut: ovules about 16: 

 seeds 1 line long. Calif. G.C. III. 11:339. w. M. 



EMPfiTRUM (Greek, pn, in, petrm:, rock ; growing 

 often on rocks). Empetn'fr-i . ch.iwhfrry. Evergreen, 

 hardy, prostrate or cr.' 

 small, crowded Ivs., in 

 globose, red or black, » .1 

 moist, sandy or peaty s. . 

 for rockeries. Prop, n- 

 ened wood in late suiin 

 through the northern li 

 arctic regions, also in S 

 ear, thick, alternate : tl^ 

 nearly sessile, 3-merous 



nigrum, Linn. Lvs. li 

 or nearly so, entire. % 



black, about one-fifth in. in diam. Var. purpdreum, DC. 

 Fr red. Arctic and boreal N. Am. Var. rfibnim, DC. (j&'. 

 rubruin, Vahl). Young branches and margins of lvs. 

 villous, hence the plant grayish green: fr. red. Antarc- 

 tic S. Am. B.R. 21:1783. ALFKrn Rehder. 



ENCEPHALAETOS (Greek, .;», witliin, ;,,/./..,/,. head, 

 and artos, bread; alluding t.j tin.- In-. ;i.l-lik. mtirior of 

 the trunk). Cyeaddceie. Grand ..v.a.ls fnnii tr..pical and 

 southern Africa, grown chii-tly f..r tlicir splendid ever- 

 green foliage. Nineteen or less species. The finest pic- 

 ture of au Euoephalartos in any American periodical is 

 probably that in Garden and Forest 4:209, accompany- 



LBciiiUs. small, 1-3 axillary, 

 . a G-lO-seeded drupe, 

 r to linear-oblong, glabrous 

 in. long : fls. purplish: " 



