546 EKYXGIUM 



up in living-rooms. The plants mostly grow from 2-3 

 ft. high and head out in July and Sep. J. B. Keller ad- 

 vises a light soil and sunny situation. E. amethi/stinum 

 is probably the favorite. Meehan savs that A', planum 

 is much visited by bees. The weak point r.f Eryngiums 

 is that they are slow to recover tVi>iii lin- >]iM(k ut' divi- 

 sion. This makes it difficult to w^.i L ii|. n -hk i, at home 

 sufficient to make an effective f,'i"U|.. I>. I >. .\ ,ir, in his 

 garden monograph uf tin- groii|i, i m h., i . .'iJi', says that 

 the only safe \v-i\ i., in. r.-a -.■ lin - i ll-!li.- i- Kv seed. 



"Sow the SCi-,1 I-, 1 :, : . n ,!. aial place in 



a coldframe. Tli' ■<<''■ ■ :il j. rmi' :n.- in tli.' spring, 



and if properly iiiaiia-i-.l will lni.a'lx lo ].laiit iput the 



following year. ' It is s:ud tlial iii:iiiy of the species are 



less showy and satisfactory here than in England. 



A. I^vs. divided into radiating si'fjmentn. 



B. Bracts longer than the heads. 



c. Ifiimber of bracts 10-20. 



i>. lioot-lv.'i. deeply notched at the base and merely 



toothed at the margin. 



1. alpinum, Linn. Bracts 10-20, a little longer than the 

 oblong heads. Alps. R.H. 1876, p. 113. B.M. 922. (Sn. 

 4C:9a3. -There is a white variety. 



DD. Eoiil-lvs. lets deeply notched at the base, elsewhere 

 more dissected. 



2. Oliveriinum, Laroch. Bracts 10-12, more rigid and 

 fewer-toothed than in £. alpinum: heads ovate. 

 Orient. Gn. 45, p. 223. 



cc. IVumber of bracts 0-9. 

 D. Hoot-lvs. deeply cut. 



3. amethjstinum, Linn. Fig. 77G. Root-lvs. pinnatifld : 

 bracts 7-8, few-toothed at the base, much longer than 

 the globose heads. Eu. Gn. 46, p. 522, and 55, p. 454. E. 

 coelestinum, a trade name unknown to our botanies, is 

 the same thing, according to J. B. Keller. 



DD. Root-lvs. merely crenate-dentate. 



4. gigant^um, Bieb. Root-lvs. deeply cordate: bracts 

 8-9: head ovate. Armenia. Gn. 46, p. 523. 



BB. Briii-ls as long as or shorter than the heads. 

 c. Upper stem-lvs. 5-parted. 



5. pl4num, Linn. Middle stem-lvs. stalkless, undi- 

 vided: bracts 6-7: head rotund. Eu., N. Asia. 



cc. Upper stem-lvs. about 8-parted. 



G. Lfiavenworthii, Torr. & Gray. Height 1-3 ft. : stem- 

 lvs. stalkless, somewhat clasping : heads ovoid-oblong. 

 Kans. to Te.\., Mex. B.B. 2:r)22. 



x\. Lvs. undiridi-d, long and linear. 



7. aquAticum, Linn. (£. i/i(ccrt'«iiH»H, Michx.). Height 

 2-6 ft.: stem striate, unbranched or branched above: 

 lvs. mostly clasping, finely parallel-veined, lower some- 

 times 3 ft. long, lii in. wide, all bristly margined: 

 heads globose-ovoid. U. S. B.R. 5:372. -^ jj 



Y . In No. 1 the involucre 



\ f\( / (/ is a deeper blue th.an 



■^- \V^'' -nNos ' 5 -nNo " he 



olucre s note lorel 



and the fls are h te 



sJ^. or pale No 1 nee is 



IV , 1 , 1 1 I rt 1 



all, infer 

 general p 

 earlier-l)li 

 70-100 sp 

 long, soft 

 or oblong 



ERY81.MUM 



tnir- wallflowers (Cheiranthus) for 

 id two lower-growing and perhaps 

 k Lranlen plants. The genus has 

 I iiiiiul and perennial herbs, with 

 , L'-i'arted hairs: lvs. narrow, linear 

 variously toothed: fls. orange or 



style 



yellow, rarely purple, often fragrant ; petals 

 persistent. 



Although the two most popular kinds are biennials, 

 the gardeners think of them as annuals. Their seeds can 



\i:r 



778. Erysimum i 



iX%). 



be sown in the fall and produce earlier bloom than if 

 sown in spring. Fig. 777 shows the last flowers open at 

 the top of the pyramid, while the seed pods are swelling 

 below. 



The rockery kinds, J, B. Keller writes, do well also in 

 the front row of the border and on dry banks. They like 

 full exposure to sunlight, and in the spring months are 

 completely covered with bright flowers. Divided plants 

 only, not seeds, are offered by American dealers. In 

 Gn. 24, p. 462, it is said that E. ochroleucum on level 

 ground is likely to lose its lower lvs. and to perish on 

 heavy soils in hard winters. It thrives be.st when fre- 

 quently divided, and may be prop, by cuttings. 

 A. Plants biennial: height 12-18 in. 

 B. Fls. yellow. 

 Asperum DC (A 1 / ) Nutt ) F gs 



8 He t,l 1 1 J ft n tl e 1 1 1 18 n n fear lens 1 s 

 1 tite or ent re n r ne i ostlj entire fls ^ n 

 1 r p 1 ro fel 1 2-4 n long 4 s le 1 nearl erect 



1^/4/ s merel} a western and broa ler 



g & 



777. Erysimum aspcr 



11 ant 



jellow an 1 range 

 pr ng an 1 mmer 

 blooming, hardy "an- 

 nuals," scarcely, if at 



p 194 

 >) 



rup6stre, DC (A 

 woody at base : lvs. somewhat dentate 

 the hairs short, dense, 2-3-parted 



l 1 git ostlj 4-6 ock 



de } la ts 



IcUU ,J Cay) "^tem rather 

 tem-lvs. oblong, 

 ia Minor. R.H. 



